3.1.62
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.62
गन्ध-रस-रूप-स्पर्श-शब्दानां स्पर्शपर्यन्ताः पृथिव्याः
gandha-rasa-rūpa-sparśa-śabdānāṃ sparśaparyantāḥ pṛthivyāḥ
The line
Of a compound: smell, -rasa (-रस), -rūpa (-रूप), -spa (-स्प), and rśa-śabda (र्श-शब्द), a compound: touch, and paryanta (पर्यन्त), pṛthivya (पृथिव्य).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: gandha--rasa--rūpa--spa-rśa-śabdānāṃ (गन्ध--रस--रूप--स्प-र्श-शब्दानां) + sparśa-paryantāḥ (स्पर्श-पर्यन्ताः) + pṛthivyāḥ (पृथिव्याः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| gandha--rasa--rūpa--spa-rśa-śabdānāṃ (गन्ध--रस--रूप--स्प-र्श-शब्दानां) | genitive plural | a compound: smell, -rasa (-रस), -rūpa (-रूप), -spa (-स्प), and rśa-śabda (र्श-शब्द). Read it from the end |
| sparśa-paryantāḥ (स्पर्श-पर्यन्ताः) | nominative plural | a compound: touch, and paryanta (पर्यन्त). Read it from the end |
| pṛthivyāḥ (पृथिव्याः) | nominative plural | pṛthivya (पृथिव्य) |
The phrases
gandha--rasa--rūpa--spa-rśa-śabdānāṃ (गन्ध--रस--रूप--स्प-र्श-शब्दानां) is a compound: smell, -rasa (-रस), -rūpa (-रूप), -spa (-स्प), and rśa-śabda (र्श-शब्द). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive plural. sparśa-paryantāḥ (स्पर्श-पर्यन्ताः) is a compound: touch, and paryanta (पर्यन्त). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative plural.
pṛthivyāḥ (पृथिव्याः) is pṛthivya (पृथिव्य). It stands as nominative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
gandha--rasa--rūpa--spa-rśa-śabdānāṃ (गन्ध--रस--रूप--स्प-र्श-शब्दानां) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss gandha--rasa--rūpa--spa-rśa-śabdānāṃ (गन्ध--रस--रूप--स्प-र्श-शब्दानां) and sparśa-paryantāḥ (स्पर्श-पर्यन्ताः).