4.1.1
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.1
प्रवृत्तिर्यथोक्ता
pravṛttiryathoktā
The line
Activity, setting out to act, is as already stated.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. akṛtā-bhyā-gama-prasaṅgāt (अकृता-भ्या-गम-प्रसङ्गात्) from 3.2.72 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः) + yathoktā (यथोक्ता)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः) | nominative singular, feminine | activity, setting out to act |
| yathoktā (यथोक्ता) | nominative singular, feminine | as already stated |
The phrases
pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः) is activity, setting out to act. It stands as nominative singular, feminine. The line writes it pravṛttir. yathoktā (यथोक्ता) is as already stated. It stands as nominative singular, feminine.
Hold the words in that order. The English of the whole line comes after them.
Sanskrit in this line
pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः) and yathoktā (यथोक्ता) are two words. The visarga becomes r before the vowel, so the line writes them as one.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः) and yathoktā (यथोक्ता).