4.1.45
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.45
न सद्यः, कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्वात्
na sadyaḥ, kālāntaropabhogyatvāt
The line
Not sadya (सद्य), because of kālāntaropabhogyatva (कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्व).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. sadyaḥ (सद्यः) from 4.1.44 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: na (न) + sadyaḥ (सद्यः) + kālāntaropabhogyatvāt (कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्वात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| sadyaḥ (सद्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | sadya (सद्य) |
| kālāntaropabhogyatvāt (कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्वात्) | ablative singular | kālāntaropabhogyatva (कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्व) |
The phrases
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. sadyaḥ (सद्यः) is sadya (सद्य). It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
kālāntaropabhogyatvāt (कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्वात्) is kālāntaropabhogyatva (कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्व). It stands as ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
kālāntaropabhogyatvāt (कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्वात्) is ablative singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss sadyaḥ (सद्यः) and kālāntaropabhogyatvāt (कालान्तरोपभोग्यत्वात्).