4.1.7
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.7
निमित्तनैमित्तिकभावादर्थान्तरभावो दोषेभ्यः
nimittanaimittikabhāvādarthāntarabhāvo doṣebhyaḥ
The line
A compound: the efficient ground, arising from a special cause, bhāvā (भावा), darthā (दर्था), ntara (न्तर), and a state, for a fault.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. teṣāṃ (तेषां) from 4.1.6 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: nimitta-naimittika-bhāvā-darthā-ntara-bhāvaḥ (निमित्त-नैमित्तिक-भावा-दर्था-न्तर-भावः) + doṣebhyaḥ (दोषेभ्यः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| nimitta-naimittika-bhāvā-darthā-ntara-bhāvaḥ (निमित्त-नैमित्तिक-भावा-दर्था-न्तर-भावः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: the efficient ground, arising from a special cause, bhāvā (भावा), darthā (दर्था), ntara (न्तर), and a state. Read it from the end |
| doṣebhyaḥ (दोषेभ्यः) | dative or ablative plural | a fault |
The phrases
nimitta-naimittika-bhāvā-darthā-ntara-bhāvaḥ (निमित्त-नैमित्तिक-भावा-दर्था-न्तर-भावः) is a compound: the efficient ground, arising from a special cause, bhāvā (भावा), darthā (दर्था), ntara (न्तर), and a state. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it nimittanaimittikabhāvādarthāntarabhāvo (निमित्तनैमित्तिकभावादर्थान्तरभावो).
doṣebhyaḥ (दोषेभ्यः) is a fault. It stands as dative or ablative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
nimitta-naimittika-bhāvā-darthā-ntara-bhāvaḥ (निमित्त-नैमित्तिक-भावा-दर्था-न्तर-भावः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it nimittanaimittikabhāvādarthāntarabhāvo (निमित्तनैमित्तिकभावादर्थान्तरभावो).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss nimitta-naimittika-bhāvā-darthā-ntara-bhāvaḥ (निमित्त-नैमित्तिक-भावा-दर्था-न्तर-भावः) and doṣebhyaḥ (दोषेभ्यः).
Next
4.1.8. Not of a compound: a fault, lakṣa (लक्ष), ṇāva (णाव), rodhā (रोधा), and nmoha (न्मोह).