4.2.1
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.1
दोषनिमित्तानां तत्त्वज्ञानादहङ्कारनिवृत्तिः
doṣanimittānāṃ tattvajñānādahaṅkāranivṛttiḥ
The line
Of a compound: a fault, and the efficient ground, a compound: a reality, what is so, jñānā (ज्ञाना), daha (दह), ṅkāra (ङ्कार), and nivṛtta (निवृत्त).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. saṅkalpa-nimitta-tvācca (सङ्कल्प-निमित्त-त्वाच्च) from 4.1.68 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: doṣa-nimittānāṃ (दोष-निमित्तानां) + tattva-jñānā-daha-ṅkāra-nivṛttiḥ (तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-दह-ङ्कार-निवृत्तिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| doṣa-nimittānāṃ (दोष-निमित्तानां) | genitive plural | a compound: a fault, and the efficient ground. Read it from the end |
| tattva-jñānā-daha-ṅkāra-nivṛttiḥ (तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-दह-ङ्कार-निवृत्तिः) | nominative singular | a compound: a reality, what is so, jñānā (ज्ञाना), daha (दह), ṅkāra (ङ्कार), and nivṛtta (निवृत्त). Read it from the end |
The phrases
doṣa-nimittānāṃ (दोष-निमित्तानां) is a compound: a fault, and the efficient ground. Read it from the end. It stands as genitive plural.
tattva-jñānā-daha-ṅkāra-nivṛttiḥ (तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-दह-ङ्कार-निवृत्तिः) is a compound: a reality, what is so, jñānā (ज्ञाना), daha (दह), ṅkāra (ङ्कार), and nivṛtta (निवृत्त). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
tattva-jñānā-daha-ṅkāra-nivṛttiḥ (तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-दह-ङ्कार-निवृत्तिः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss doṣa-nimittānāṃ (दोष-निमित्तानां) and tattva-jñānā-daha-ṅkāra-nivṛttiḥ (तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-दह-ङ्कार-निवृत्तिः).