4.2.15
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.15
अवयवावयविप्रसङ्गश्चैवमाप्रलयात्
avayavāvayaviprasaṅgaścaivamāpralayāt
The line
Because of a compound: avaya (अवय), vāva (वाव), yavi (यवि), an unwanted consequence, ścai (श्चै), vamā (वमा), and dissolution.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. svaviṣayānatikrameṇendriyasya (स्वविषयानतिक्रमेणेन्द्रियस्य) from 4.2.14 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: avaya-vāva-yavi-prasaṅga-ścai-vamā-pralayāt (अवय-वाव-यवि-प्रसङ्ग-श्चै-वमा-प्रलयात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| avaya-vāva-yavi-prasaṅga-ścai-vamā-pralayāt (अवय-वाव-यवि-प्रसङ्ग-श्चै-वमा-प्रलयात्) | ablative singular | a compound: avaya (अवय), vāva (वाव), yavi (यवि), an unwanted consequence, ścai (श्चै), vamā (वमा), and dissolution. Read it from the end |
The phrases
avaya-vāva-yavi-prasaṅga-ścai-vamā-pralayāt (अवय-वाव-यवि-प्रसङ्ग-श्चै-वमा-प्रलयात्) is a compound: avaya (अवय), vāva (वाव), yavi (यवि), an unwanted consequence, ścai (श्चै), vamā (वमा), and dissolution. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
Hold the words in that order. The English of the whole line comes after them.
Sanskrit in this line
avaya-vāva-yavi-prasaṅga-ścai-vamā-pralayāt (अवय-वाव-यवि-प्रसङ्ग-श्चै-वमा-प्रलयात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss avaya-vāva-yavi-prasaṅga-ścai-vamā-pralayāt (अवय-वाव-यवि-प्रसङ्ग-श्चै-वमा-प्रलयात्).
Next
4.2.16. Not dissolution, because of a compound: an atom, what is, and a state.