4.2.35
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.35
मिथ्योपलब्धेर्विनाशस्तत्त्वज्ञानात्स्वप्नविषयाभिमानप्रणाशवत् प्रतिबोधे
mithyopalabdhervināśastattvajñānātsvapnaviṣayābhimānapraṇāśavat pratibodhe
The line
A compound: mithyo (मिथ्यो), pala (पल), bdhervi (ब्धेर्वि), destruction, stattva (स्तत्त्व), jñānā (ज्ञाना), tsva (त्स्व), pnavi (प्नवि), ṣayābhi (षयाभि), a measure, a means of knowing, praṇā (प्रणा), and śavata (शवत), in a compound: toward, against, and awareness.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. smṛti-saṃka-lpavacca (स्मृति-संक-ल्पवच्च) from 4.2.34 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: mithyo-pala-bdhervi-nāśa-stattva-jñānā-tsva-pnavi-ṣayābhi-māna-praṇā-śavata (मिथ्यो-पल-ब्धेर्वि-नाश-स्तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-त्स्व-प्नवि-षयाभि-मान-प्रणा-शवत) + prati-bodhe (प्रति-बोधे)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| mithyo-pala-bdhervi-nāśa-stattva-jñānā-tsva-pnavi-ṣayābhi-māna-praṇā-śavata (मिथ्यो-पल-ब्धेर्वि-नाश-स्तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-त्स्व-प्नवि-षयाभि-मान-प्रणा-शवत) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: mithyo (मिथ्यो), pala (पल), bdhervi (ब्धेर्वि), destruction, stattva (स्तत्त्व), jñānā (ज्ञाना), tsva (त्स्व), pnavi (प्नवि), ṣayābhi (षयाभि), a measure, a means of knowing, praṇā (प्रणा), and śavata (शवत). Read it from the end |
| prati-bodhe (प्रति-बोधे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: toward, against, and awareness. Read it from the end |
The phrases
mithyo-pala-bdhervi-nāśa-stattva-jñānā-tsva-pnavi-ṣayābhi-māna-praṇā-śavata (मिथ्यो-पल-ब्धेर्वि-नाश-स्तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-त्स्व-प्नवि-षयाभि-मान-प्रणा-शवत) is a compound: mithyo (मिथ्यो), pala (पल), bdhervi (ब्धेर्वि), destruction, stattva (स्तत्त्व), jñānā (ज्ञाना), tsva (त्स्व), pnavi (प्नवि), ṣayābhi (षयाभि), a measure, a means of knowing, praṇā (प्रणा), and śavata (शवत). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member.
prati-bodhe (प्रति-बोधे) is a compound: toward, against, and awareness. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
mithyo-pala-bdhervi-nāśa-stattva-jñānā-tsva-pnavi-ṣayābhi-māna-praṇā-śavata (मिथ्यो-पल-ब्धेर्वि-नाश-स्तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-त्स्व-प्नवि-षयाभि-मान-प्रणा-शवत) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss mithyo-pala-bdhervi-nāśa-stattva-jñānā-tsva-pnavi-ṣayābhi-māna-praṇā-śavata (मिथ्यो-पल-ब्धेर्वि-नाश-स्तत्त्व-ज्ञाना-त्स्व-प्नवि-षयाभि-मान-प्रणा-शवत) and prati-bodhe (प्रति-बोधे).