5.1.36
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 5 / 5.1.36
प्रतिषेध्ये नित्यमनित्यभावादनित्येऽनित्यत्वोपपत्तेः प्रतिषेधाभावः
pratiṣedhye nityamanityabhāvādanitye 'nityatvopapatteḥ pratiṣedhābhāvaḥ
The line
In a compound: toward, against, and ṣedhya (षेध्य), in a compound: eternal, mani (मनि), tyabhā (त्यभा), honest debate, and eternal, of a compound: not eternal, tvopa (त्वोप), and patta (पत्त), a compound: a denial, and absence.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 5. The false rejoinders, called jāti (जाति), and the points on which a debate is lost. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: prati-ṣedhye (प्रति-षेध्ये) + nitya-mani-tyabhā-vāda-nitye (नित्य-मनि-त्यभा-वाद-नित्ये) + anitya-tvopa-patteḥ (अनित्य-त्वोप-पत्तेः) + pratiṣedha-abhāvaḥ (प्रतिषेध-अभावः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prati-ṣedhye (प्रति-षेध्ये) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: toward, against, and ṣedhya (षेध्य). Read it from the end |
| nitya-mani-tyabhā-vāda-nitye (नित्य-मनि-त्यभा-वाद-नित्ये) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: eternal, mani (मनि), tyabhā (त्यभा), honest debate, and eternal. Read it from the end |
| anitya-tvopa-patteḥ (अनित्य-त्वोप-पत्तेः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: not eternal, tvopa (त्वोप), and patta (पत्त). Read it from the end |
| pratiṣedha-abhāvaḥ (प्रतिषेध-अभावः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: a denial, and absence. Read it from the end |
The phrases
prati-ṣedhye (प्रति-षेध्ये) is a compound: toward, against, and ṣedhya (षेध्य). Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. nitya-mani-tyabhā-vāda-nitye (नित्य-मनि-त्यभा-वाद-नित्ये) is a compound: eternal, mani (मनि), tyabhā (त्यभा), honest debate, and eternal. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
anitya-tvopa-patteḥ (अनित्य-त्वोप-पत्तेः) is a compound: not eternal, tvopa (त्वोप), and patta (पत्त). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. pratiṣedha-abhāvaḥ (प्रतिषेध-अभावः) is a compound: a denial, and absence. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
nitya-mani-tyabhā-vāda-nitye (नित्य-मनि-त्यभा-वाद-नित्ये) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prati-ṣedhye (प्रति-षेध्ये) and nitya-mani-tyabhā-vāda-nitye (नित्य-मनि-त्यभा-वाद-नित्ये).