5.1.38
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 5 / 5.1.38
कार्यान्यत्वे प्रयत्नाहेतुत्वमनुपलब्धिकारणोपपत्तेः
kāryānyatve prayatnāhetutvamanupalabdhikāraṇopapatteḥ
The line
In a compound: an effect, other, and the state of being that, of a compound: prayatnā (प्रयत्ना), a reason, tvama (त्वम), nupa (नुप), labdhi (लब्धि), kāra (कार), ṇopa (णोप), and patta (पत्त).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 5. The false rejoinders, called jāti (जाति), and the points on which a debate is lost. The line is short. prayatna-kārya-aneka-tvāt (प्रयत्न-कार्य-अनेक-त्वात्) from 5.1.37 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: kārya-anya-tve (कार्य-अन्य-त्वे) + prayatnā-hetu-tvama-nupa-labdhi-kāra-ṇopa-patteḥ (प्रयत्ना-हेतु-त्वम-नुप-लब्धि-कार-णोप-पत्तेः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kārya-anya-tve (कार्य-अन्य-त्वे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: an effect, other, and the state of being that. Read it from the end |
| prayatnā-hetu-tvama-nupa-labdhi-kāra-ṇopa-patteḥ (प्रयत्ना-हेतु-त्वम-नुप-लब्धि-कार-णोप-पत्तेः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: prayatnā (प्रयत्ना), a reason, tvama (त्वम), nupa (नुप), labdhi (लब्धि), kāra (कार), ṇopa (णोप), and patta (पत्त). Read it from the end |
The phrases
kārya-anya-tve (कार्य-अन्य-त्वे) is a compound: an effect, other, and the state of being that. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
prayatnā-hetu-tvama-nupa-labdhi-kāra-ṇopa-patteḥ (प्रयत्ना-हेतु-त्वम-नुप-लब्धि-कार-णोप-पत्तेः) is a compound: prayatnā (प्रयत्ना), a reason, tvama (त्वम), nupa (नुप), labdhi (लब्धि), kāra (कार), ṇopa (णोप), and patta (पत्त). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
prayatnā-hetu-tvama-nupa-labdhi-kāra-ṇopa-patteḥ (प्रयत्ना-हेतु-त्वम-नुप-लब्धि-कार-णोप-पत्तेः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss kārya-anya-tve (कार्य-अन्य-त्वे) and prayatnā-hetu-tvama-nupa-labdhi-kāra-ṇopa-patteḥ (प्रयत्ना-हेतु-त्वम-नुप-लब्धि-कार-णोप-पत्तेः).
Next
5.1.39. In a denial even, a compound: the same, and a fault.