1.3.33
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.3.33
शुगस्य तदनादरश्रवणात् तदाद्रवणात् सूच्यते हि
śugasya tadanādaraśravaṇāt tadādravaṇāt sūcyate hi
The line
The word is of grief, because the disregard of that grief is heard and because he ran to the teacher: this is indicated.
नेपालीमा
शब्द शोकको हो, किनकि त्यो शोकको बेवास्ता सुनिएको छ र ऊ गुरुकहाँ दौड्यो। यो सङ्केत गरिएको छ।
Where it sits
A new question inside the eligibility discussion: who may hear. The gods' question has been answered with Bādarāyaṇa (बादरायण). Jānaśruti (जानश्रुति) is a new person. Śaṅkara (शङ्कर), Rāmānuja (रामानुज), and Madhva agree that this address does not open the Veda to the fourth class. They read śūdra (शूद्र) here from grief.
Split: śugasya (शुगस्य) + tad-anādara-śravaṇāt (तद्-अनादर-श्रवणात्) + tad-ādravaṇāt (तद्-आद्रवणात्) + sūcyate (सूच्यते) + hi (हि)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| śugasya (शुगस्य) | genitive singular, neuter | of grief |
| tad-anādara-śravaṇāt (तद्-अनादर-श्रवणात्) | ablative singular, neuter | because it is heard that no regard was paid to that grief |
| tad-ādravaṇāt (तद्-आद्रवणात्) | ablative singular, neuter | because of his running to that teacher |
| sūcyate (सूच्यते) | present passive, third person singular | it is indicated |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for |
The phrases
The passage is Jānaśruti (जानश्रुति) and Raikva in the Chāndogya (छान्दोग्य). A king, stung by what he overhears, comes with gifts. Raikva calls him śūdra (शूद्र) and at first will not teach him. The objector takes the address as opening this knowledge to the fourth class.
śuga (शुग) is grief, from the root that also gives śuc (शुच्). The line says the address belongs to grief: he grieved, the teacher is heard paying that grief no regard, and he came running. sūcyate (सूच्यते): the etymology is indicated by the story itself. hi presses it. The word in this story is not the class-name.
Sanskrit in this line
śugasya (शुगस्य) is the genitive the sūtra (सूत्र) uses for śuc (शुच्), grief. anādara (अनादर) is 'non-regard'. ādravaṇa (आद्रवण) is a running toward. Both ablatives are reasons. sūcyate (सूच्यते) is the passive of sūc (सूच्), 'to point, to indicate'.
Say it back
Say the story in three beats: he grieved, he was brushed off, he ran. The name comes from that.
Next
1.3.34. The same story arrives at his being a kṣatriya (क्षत्रिय).