1.3.42
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.3.42
आकाशोऽर्थान्तरत्वादिव्यपदेशात्
ākāśo 'rthāntaratvādivyapadeśāt
The line
Space is Brahman (ब्रह्मन्), because it is designated as something else, and by the further designations.
नेपालीमा
आकाश ब्रह्म हो, किनकि यसलाई अर्कै भनेर तोकिएको छ, र थप तोकाइले पनि।
Where it sits
A new use of the word space. It is not the space of 1.1.23, which was the goal of the world in the udgītha (उद्गीथ) talk, and not the small space of 1.3.13. Śaṅkara (शङ्कर), Rāmānuja (रामानुज), and Madhva agree it is not the element. They differ on the brahman (ब्रह्मन्), as at 1.1.1.
Split: ākāśaḥ (आकाशः) + artha-antaratva-ādi-vyapadeśāt (अर्थ-अन्तरत्व-आदि-व्यपदेशात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ākāśaḥ (आकाशः) | nominative singular, masculine | space |
| artha-antaratva-ādi-vyapadeśāt (अर्थ-अन्तरत्व-आदि-व्यपदेशात्) | ablative singular, masculine | because it is designated as being another thing, and the rest |
The phrases
The passage is the Chāndogya (छान्दोग्य) space that is the giver-out of name and form. What is within them is brahman (ब्रह्मन्), the deathless, the self. This space is not introduced as the element in the list of elements.
artha-antaratva is 'being another thing', other than elemental space. ādi (आदि) covers the further designations: the deathless, the self. vyapadeśa (व्यपदेश) is the text's stating of those. So ākāśaḥ (आकाशः) here is brahman (ब्रह्मन्).
Sanskrit in this line
ākāśaḥ (आकाशः) before a vowel is ākāśo (आकाशो), and the next a drops. The long compound is one ablative. Read from vyapadeśa (व्यपदेश).
Say it back
Say what this space does in the sentence: it sets name and form out. The element does not.
Next
1.3.43. This space is stated as different from the self of deep sleep and of departure.