4.4.19
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.4.19
विकारावर्ति च तथा हि स्थितिमाह
vikārāvarti ca tathā hi sthitim āha
The line
In vikārāvarta (विकारावर्त) and, so, in that way. Duration, says, has said.
Where it sits
In Brahma Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Phala. The result. The last line says there is no return. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: vikārāvarti (विकारावर्ति) + ca (च) + tathā (तथा) + hi (हि) + sthitim (स्थितिम्) + āha (आह)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vikārāvarti (विकारावर्ति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | vikārāvarta (विकारावर्त) |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| tathā (तथा) | indeclinable | so, in that way |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| sthitim (स्थितिम्) | accusative singular | duration |
| āha (आह) | perfect, third person singular | says, has said |
The phrases
vikārāvarti (विकारावर्ति) is vikārāvarta (विकारावर्त). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. tathā (तथा) is so, in that way. It stands as indeclinable.
hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. sthitim (स्थितिम्) is duration. It stands as accusative singular. āha (आह) is says, has said. It stands as perfect, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
vikārāvarti (विकारावर्ति) is locative singular, or nominative singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss vikārāvarti (विकारावर्ति) and sthitim (स्थितिम्).
Next
4.4.20. Shows and thus, in a compound: direct, and inference.