1.1.16
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.16
युगपज् ज्ञानानुत्पत्तिर् मनसो लिङ्गम्
yugapaj jñānānutpattir manaso liṅgam
The line
The non-arising of knowings at one time is the mark of the mind.
नेपालीमा
एकै समयमा ज्ञानहरू नउठ्नु मनको चिह्न हो।
Where it sits
manas from 1.1.9 is the prameya being marked. liṅga (लिङ्ग) is carried from 1.1.10 as the type of definition, and jñāna (ज्ञान) from 1.1.15 is the knowing that fails to arise together.
Split: yugapat (युगपत्) + jñāna-anutpattiḥ (ज्ञान-अनुत्पत्तिः) + manasaḥ (मनसः) + liṅgam (लिङ्गम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yugapat (युगपत्) | indeclinable | at one time |
| jñāna-anutpattiḥ (ज्ञान-अनुत्पत्तिः) | nominative singular, feminine | the non-arising of knowings |
| manasaḥ (मनसः) | genitive singular, neuter | of the mind |
| liṅgam (लिङ्गम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the mark |
The phrases
Several senses can be in contact with their objects together. The knowings still come one after another. That failure of simultaneous knowing is the mark that there is a mind besides the senses.
manas is the inner instrument that meets one knowing at a time. yugapat means 'together'. anutpatti is the not-arising. The genitive manasaḥ (मनसः) matches ātmanaḥ (आत्मनः) in the self's definition. The pattern is the same: an unseen thing, known by a liṅga (लिङ्ग).
Sanskrit in this line
yugapat before jñāna (ज्ञान) is recited yugapaj. anutpattiḥ (अनुत्पत्तिः) before manasaḥ (मनसः) is recited anutpattir, and manasaḥ (मनसः) before liṅgam (लिङ्गम्) is recited manaso. anutpatti is nañ (नञ्) plus utpatti.
Say it back
Say the mark of manas in one phrase: knowings do not arise yugapat.
Next
1.1.17. Activity is the undertaking of speech, of thought, and of the body.