1.1.17
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.17
प्रवृत्तिर् वाग्बुद्धिशरीरारम्भः
pravṛttir vāgbuddhiśarīrārambhaḥ
The line
Activity is the undertaking of speech, of thought, and of the body.
नेपालीमा
प्रवृत्ति वचन, विचार र शरीरको थालनी हो।
Where it sits
pravṛtti (प्रवृत्ति) from 1.1.9 is the word being defined. It is also the middle term of the series in 1.1.2.
Split: pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः) + vāc-buddhi-śarīra-ārambhaḥ (वाच्-बुद्धि-शरीर-आरम्भः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः) | nominative singular, feminine | activity |
| vāc-buddhi-śarīra-ārambhaḥ (वाच्-बुद्धि-शरीर-आरम्भः) | nominative singular, masculine | the undertaking of speech, thought, and the body |
The phrases
pravṛtti (प्रवृत्ति) is not a vague stirring. It is an ārambha (आरम्भ), a starting of something. The three places it starts are speech, thought, and the body.
vāc (वाच्) is speech. buddhi here is the mental undertaking, thought as something one sets going. śarīra (शरीर) is bodily action. The same three will matter when fruit and fault are tied back to activity.
Sanskrit in this line
vāc (वाच्) before buddhi is written vāg (वाग्). śarīra (शरीर) plus ārambha (आरम्भ) is śarīrārambha (शरीरारम्भ). pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः) before vāc (वाच्) is recited pravṛttir (प्रवृत्तिर्).
Say it back
Gloss pravṛtti (प्रवृत्ति) as the threefold ārambha (आरम्भ): vāc (वाच्), buddhi, and śarīra (शरीर).