1.1.19
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.19
पुनरुत्पत्तिः प्रेत्यभावः
punarutpattiḥ pretyabhāvaḥ
The line
Rebirth is arising again.
नेपालीमा
पुनर्जन्म फेरि उत्पन्न हुनु हो।
Where it sits
pretyabhāva (प्रेत्यभाव) from 1.1.9 is the word being defined. Birth, janma, from 1.1.2 is the same arising seen in the chain of pain.
Split: punar-utpattiḥ (पुनर्-उत्पत्तिः) + pretya-bhāvaḥ (प्रेत्य-भावः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| punar-utpattiḥ (पुनर्-उत्पत्तिः) | nominative singular, feminine | arising again |
| pretya-bhāvaḥ (प्रेत्य-भावः) | nominative singular, masculine | the state after death |
The phrases
pretyabhāva (प्रेत्यभाव) is the prameya that connects one life to the next. The definition is short. punarutpatti is a new arising, another birth.
pretya is the gerund of pra-i, 'after having gone forth', which in this use means after having died. bhāva (भाव) is the state that follows. The two words of the line name one thing.
Sanskrit in this line
pretya is indeclinable, a gerund, and inside this compound it forms a tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) with bhāva (भाव). The visarga of utpattiḥ (उत्पत्तिः) stays before p.
Say it back
Gloss pretyabhāva (प्रेत्यभाव) as punarutpatti.
Next
1.1.20. The fruit is the thing produced by activity and fault.