1.2.9
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.2.9
कालात्ययापदिष्टः कालातीतः
kālātyayāpadiṣṭaḥ kālātītaḥ
The line
The reason past its time is the one stated when its time has passed.
नेपालीमा
समय नाघेको हेतु त्यो हो जुन समय बितिसकेपछि भनिन्छ।
Where it sits
kālātīta (कालातीत) from 1.2.4 is the seeming reason being defined. apadiṣṭa (अपदिष्ट) continues the wording of 1.2.7, where a reason was also 'adduced'.
Split: kāla-atyaya-apadiṣṭaḥ (काल-अत्यय-अपदिष्टः) + kālātītaḥ (कालातीतः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kāla-atyaya-apadiṣṭaḥ (काल-अत्यय-अपदिष्टः) | nominative singular, masculine | adduced at the passing away of the time |
| kālātītaḥ (कालातीतः) | nominative singular, masculine | the reason whose time has passed |
The phrases
kālātīta (कालातीत) names the fault. The definition is kālātyayāpadiṣṭa (कालात्ययापदिष्ट). atyaya is a passing away. The reason is adduced, apadiṣṭa (अपदिष्ट), only once the time for it has gone.
The time has gone because the matter is already settled the other way by a knowing one cannot talk down. A reason brought after that arrives too late to do the work of a hetu.
Sanskrit in this line
kālātyaya (कालात्यय) is kāla (काल) plus atyaya, 'the passing of the time'. The compound with apadiṣṭa (अपदिष्ट) is a bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) agreeing with the unstated hetu, and it matches kālātītaḥ (कालातीतः) in the masculine nominative.
Say it back
Gloss kālātīta (कालातीत) as kālātyayāpadiṣṭa (कालात्ययापदिष्ट), and close the list of five seeming reasons.
Next
1.2.10. Quibble is the blocking of a statement by setting up an alternative meaning.