1.2.10
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.2.10
वचनविघातोऽर्थविकल्पोपपत्त्या छलम्
vacanavighāto 'rthavikalpopapattyā chalam
The line
Quibble is the blocking of a statement through the availability of another meaning.
नेपालीमा
छल अर्को अर्थ उपलब्ध भएकाले वचन रोक्नु हो।
Where it sits
chala from 1.1.1, used as a tool of jalpa in 1.2.2, is the word being defined.
Split: vacana-vighātaḥ (वचन-विघातः) + artha-vikalpa-upapattyā (अर्थ-विकल्प-उपपत्त्या) + chalam (छलम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vacana-vighātaḥ (वचन-विघातः) | nominative singular, masculine | the blocking of a statement |
| artha-vikalpa-upapattyā (अर्थ-विकल्प-उपपत्त्या) | instrumental singular, feminine | by the availability of an alternative meaning |
| chalam (छलम्) | nominative singular, neuter | quibble |
The phrases
One person has made a vacana, a statement. The quibble does not answer the point. It blocks the statement. vighāta (विघात) is that obstruction.
The means is upapatti of an arthavikalpa, the availability of another meaning for the words. The instrumental upapattyā (उपपत्त्या) is how the block is done. Three kinds of this block follow.
Sanskrit in this line
upapattyā (उपपत्त्या) is the instrumental singular of upapatti, an i-stem. vighātaḥ (विघातः) before artha is recited vighāto (विघातो) 'rtha, with avagraha. chalam is neuter, vighātaḥ (विघातः) masculine.
Say it back
Gloss chala as vacanavighāta (वचनविघात) done by arthavikalpa.
Next
1.2.11. That quibble is of three kinds: verbal, general, and figurative.