2.1.1
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.1.1
समानानेकधर्माध्यवसायातन्यतरधर्माध्यवसायात् वा न संशयः
samānānekadharmādhyavasāyāt anyataradharmādhyavasāyāt vā na saṃśayaḥ
The line
Because of a compound: the same, several, dharma, a property, and a determination, because of a compound: one or the other, dharma, a property, and a determination or, not doubt.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: samāna-aneka-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (समान-अनेक-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्) + anyatara-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (अन्यतर-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्) + vā (वा) + na (न) + saṃśayaḥ (संशयः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| samāna-aneka-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (समान-अनेक-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्) | ablative singular | a compound: the same, several, dharma, a property, and a determination. Read it from the end |
| anyatara-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (अन्यतर-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्) | ablative singular | a compound: one or the other, dharma, a property, and a determination. Read it from the end |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| saṃśayaḥ (संशयः) | nominative singular, masculine | doubt |
The phrases
samāna-aneka-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (समान-अनेक-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्) is a compound: the same, several, dharma, a property, and a determination. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. anyatara-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (अन्यतर-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्) is a compound: one or the other, dharma, a property, and a determination. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable.
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. saṃśayaḥ (संशयः) is doubt. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
samāna-aneka-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (समान-अनेक-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss samāna-aneka-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (समान-अनेक-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्) and anyatara-dharma-adhyavasāyāt (अन्यतर-धर्म-अध्यवसायात्).