2.1.8
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.1.8
प्रत्यक्षादीनामप्रामाण्यं त्रैकाल्यासिद्धेः
pratyakṣādīnām aprāmāṇyaṃ traikālyāsiddheḥ
The line
Of a compound: toward, against, and akṣāda (अक्षाद), not being a means of knowing, of a compound: the three times, and not established.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: prati-akṣādīnām (प्रति-अक्षादीनाम्) + aprāmāṇyaṃ (अप्रामाण्यं) + traikālya-asiddheḥ (त्रैकाल्य-असिद्धेः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prati-akṣādīnām (प्रति-अक्षादीनाम्) | genitive plural | a compound: toward, against, and akṣāda (अक्षाद). Read it from the end |
| aprāmāṇyaṃ (अप्रामाण्यं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | not being a means of knowing |
| traikālya-asiddheḥ (त्रैकाल्य-असिद्धेः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: the three times, and not established. Read it from the end |
The phrases
prati-akṣādīnām (प्रति-अक्षादीनाम्) is a compound: toward, against, and akṣāda (अक्षाद). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive plural. aprāmāṇyaṃ (अप्रामाण्यं) is not being a means of knowing. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
traikālya-asiddheḥ (त्रैकाल्य-असिद्धेः) is a compound: the three times, and not established. Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
traikālya-asiddheḥ (त्रैकाल्य-असिद्धेः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prati-akṣādīnām (प्रति-अक्षादीनाम्) and aprāmāṇyaṃ (अप्रामाण्यं).