2.2.41
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.2.41
प्रकृतिविवृद्धौ विकारविवृद्धेः
prakṛtivivṛddhau vikāravivṛddheḥ
The line
A compound: nature, what is seen, vivṛ (विवृ), and ddha (द्ध), of a compound: a transformation, vivṛ (विवृ), and ddha (द्ध).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The line is short. vikārā-deśa-upadeśāt (विकारा-देश-उपदेशात्) from 2.2.40 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: prakṛti-vivṛ-ddhau (प्रकृति-विवृ-द्धौ) + vikāra-vivṛ-ddheḥ (विकार-विवृ-द्धेः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prakṛti-vivṛ-ddhau (प्रकृति-विवृ-द्धौ) | nominative or accusative dual, masculine | a compound: nature, what is seen, vivṛ (विवृ), and ddha (द्ध). Read it from the end |
| vikāra-vivṛ-ddheḥ (विकार-विवृ-द्धेः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: a transformation, vivṛ (विवृ), and ddha (द्ध). Read it from the end |
The phrases
prakṛti-vivṛ-ddhau (प्रकृति-विवृ-द्धौ) is a compound: nature, what is seen, vivṛ (विवृ), and ddha (द्ध). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative dual, masculine.
vikāra-vivṛ-ddheḥ (विकार-विवृ-द्धेः) is a compound: a transformation, vivṛ (विवृ), and ddha (द्ध). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
prakṛti-vivṛ-ddhau (प्रकृति-विवृ-द्धौ) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prakṛti-vivṛ-ddhau (प्रकृति-विवृ-द्धौ) and vikāra-vivṛ-ddheḥ (विकार-विवृ-द्धेः).