2.2.40
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.2.40
विकारादेशोपदेशात् संशयः
vikārādeśopadeśāt saṃśayaḥ
The line
Because of a compound: vikārā (विकारा), a place, and teaching, doubt.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The line is short. vibhaktyantaropapatteḥ (विभक्त्यन्तरोपपत्तेः) from 2.2.39 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: vikārā-deśa-upadeśāt (विकारा-देश-उपदेशात्) + saṃśayaḥ (संशयः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vikārā-deśa-upadeśāt (विकारा-देश-उपदेशात्) | ablative singular | a compound: vikārā (विकारा), a place, and teaching. Read it from the end |
| saṃśayaḥ (संशयः) | nominative singular, masculine | doubt |
The phrases
vikārā-deśa-upadeśāt (विकारा-देश-उपदेशात्) is a compound: vikārā (विकारा), a place, and teaching. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
saṃśayaḥ (संशयः) is doubt. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
vikārā-deśa-upadeśāt (विकारा-देश-उपदेशात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss vikārā-deśa-upadeśāt (विकारा-देश-उपदेशात्) and saṃśayaḥ (संशयः).