2.2.51
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.2.51
सामान्यवतो धर्मयोगो न सामान्यस्य
sāmānyavato dharmayogo na sāmānyasya
The line
A compound: a common case, and possessing, a compound: dharma, a property, and a joining, not of a common case.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: sāmānya-vat-aḥ (सामान्य-वत्-अः) + dharma-yogaḥ (धर्म-योगः) + na (न) + sāmānyasya (सामान्यस्य)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sāmānya-vat-aḥ (सामान्य-वत्-अः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: a common case, and possessing. Read it from the end |
| dharma-yogaḥ (धर्म-योगः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: dharma, a property, and a joining. Read it from the end |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| sāmānyasya (सामान्यस्य) | genitive singular | a common case |
The phrases
sāmānya-vat-aḥ (सामान्य-वत्-अः) is a compound: a common case, and possessing. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it sāmānyavato (सामान्यवतो). dharma-yogaḥ (धर्म-योगः) is a compound: dharma, a property, and a joining. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it dharmayogo.
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. sāmānyasya (सामान्यस्य) is a common case. It stands as genitive singular.
Sanskrit in this line
sāmānya-vat-aḥ (सामान्य-वत्-अः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it sāmānyavato (सामान्यवतो). The line writes it dharmayogo.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss sāmānya-vat-aḥ (सामान्य-वत्-अः) and dharma-yogaḥ (धर्म-योगः).