2.2.62
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.2.62
याशब्द-समूह-त्याग-परिग्रह-सङ्ख्या-वृद्ध्यपचय-वर्ण-समासानुबन्धानाम् व्यक्तौ उपचारात् व्यक्तिः
yāśabda-samūha-tyāga-parigraha-saṅkhyā-vṛddhyapacaya-varṇa-samāsānubandhānām vyaktau upacārāt vyaktiḥ
The line
Of a compound: yāśa (याश), bda-sa (ब्द-स), mūha (मूह), -tyā (-त्या), ga-pa (ग-प), rigra (रिग्र), ha-sa (ह-स), ṅkhyā (ङ्ख्या), -vṛddhya (-वृद्ध्य), paca (पच), ya-va (य-व), rṇa-sa (र्ण-स), māsānu (मासानु), and bondage, vyakta (व्यक्त), because of a figurative use, vyakta (व्यक्त).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: yāśa-bda-sa-mūha--tyā-ga-pa-rigra-ha-sa-ṅkhyā--vṛddhya-paca-ya-va-rṇa-sa-māsānu-bandhānām (याश-ब्द-स-मूह--त्या-ग-प-रिग्र-ह-स-ङ्ख्या--वृद्ध्य-पच-य-व-र्ण-स-मासानु-बन्धानाम्) + vyaktau (व्यक्तौ) + upacārāt (उपचारात्) + vyaktiḥ (व्यक्तिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yāśa-bda-sa-mūha--tyā-ga-pa-rigra-ha-sa-ṅkhyā--vṛddhya-paca-ya-va-rṇa-sa-māsānu-bandhānām (याश-ब्द-स-मूह--त्या-ग-प-रिग्र-ह-स-ङ्ख्या--वृद्ध्य-पच-य-व-र्ण-स-मासानु-बन्धानाम्) | genitive plural | a compound: yāśa (याश), bda-sa (ब्द-स), mūha (मूह), -tyā (-त्या), ga-pa (ग-प), rigra (रिग्र), ha-sa (ह-स), ṅkhyā (ङ्ख्या), -vṛddhya (-वृद्ध्य), paca (पच), ya-va (य-व), rṇa-sa (र्ण-स), māsānu (मासानु), and bondage. Read it from the end |
| vyaktau (व्यक्तौ) | nominative or accusative dual, or locative singular | vyakta (व्यक्त) |
| upacārāt (उपचारात्) | ablative singular | a figurative use |
| vyaktiḥ (व्यक्तिः) | nominative singular | vyakta (व्यक्त) |
The phrases
yāśa-bda-sa-mūha--tyā-ga-pa-rigra-ha-sa-ṅkhyā--vṛddhya-paca-ya-va-rṇa-sa-māsānu-bandhānām (याश-ब्द-स-मूह--त्या-ग-प-रिग्र-ह-स-ङ्ख्या--वृद्ध्य-पच-य-व-र्ण-स-मासानु-बन्धानाम्) is a compound: yāśa (याश), bda-sa (ब्द-स), mūha (मूह), -tyā (-त्या), ga-pa (ग-प), rigra (रिग्र), ha-sa (ह-स), ṅkhyā (ङ्ख्या), -vṛddhya (-वृद्ध्य), paca (पच), ya-va (य-व), rṇa-sa (र्ण-स), māsānu (मासानु), and bondage. Read it from the end. It stands as genitive plural. vyaktau (व्यक्तौ) is vyakta (व्यक्त). It stands as nominative or accusative dual, or locative singular.
upacārāt (उपचारात्) is a figurative use. It stands as ablative singular. vyaktiḥ (व्यक्तिः) is vyakta (व्यक्त). It stands as nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
yāśa-bda-sa-mūha--tyā-ga-pa-rigra-ha-sa-ṅkhyā--vṛddhya-paca-ya-va-rṇa-sa-māsānu-bandhānām (याश-ब्द-स-मूह--त्या-ग-प-रिग्र-ह-स-ङ्ख्या--वृद्ध्य-पच-य-व-र्ण-स-मासानु-बन्धानाम्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss yāśa-bda-sa-mūha--tyā-ga-pa-rigra-ha-sa-ṅkhyā--vṛddhya-paca-ya-va-rṇa-sa-māsānu-bandhānām (याश-ब्द-स-मूह--त्या-ग-प-रिग्र-ह-स-ङ्ख्या--वृद्ध्य-पच-य-व-र्ण-स-मासानु-बन्धानाम्) and vyaktau (व्यक्तौ).
Next
2.2.63. Not that, because of a compound: anava (अनव), and the place, the order.