3.1.16
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.16
ज्ञातुः ज्ञानसाधनोपपत्तेः संज्ञाभेदमात्रम्
jñātuḥ jñānasādhanopapatteḥ saṃjñābhedamātram
The line
Known, of a compound: knowing, sādha (साध), nopa (नोप), and patta (पत्त), a compound: recognition, a difference, and mātra (मात्र).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: jñātuḥ (ज्ञातुः) + jñāna-sādha-nopa-patteḥ (ज्ञान-साध-नोप-पत्तेः) + saṃjñā-bheda-mātram (संज्ञा-भेद-मात्रम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| jñātuḥ (ज्ञातुः) | nominative singular | known |
| jñāna-sādha-nopa-patteḥ (ज्ञान-साध-नोप-पत्तेः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: knowing, sādha (साध), nopa (नोप), and patta (पत्त). Read it from the end |
| saṃjñā-bheda-mātram (संज्ञा-भेद-मात्रम्) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: recognition, a difference, and mātra (मात्र). Read it from the end |
The phrases
jñātuḥ (ज्ञातुः) is known. It stands as nominative singular. jñāna-sādha-nopa-patteḥ (ज्ञान-साध-नोप-पत्तेः) is a compound: knowing, sādha (साध), nopa (नोप), and patta (पत्त). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
saṃjñā-bheda-mātram (संज्ञा-भेद-मात्रम्) is a compound: recognition, a difference, and mātra (मात्र). Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
jñāna-sādha-nopa-patteḥ (ज्ञान-साध-नोप-पत्तेः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss jñātuḥ (ज्ञातुः) and jñāna-sādha-nopa-patteḥ (ज्ञान-साध-नोप-पत्तेः).
Next
3.1.17. A restriction and, a compound: niranu (निरनु), and a measure, a means of knowing.