3.1.17
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.17
नियमः च निरनुमानः
niyamaḥ ca niranumānaḥ
The line
A restriction and, a compound: niranu (निरनु), and a measure, a means of knowing.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The line is short. jñātuḥ (ज्ञातुः) from 3.1.16 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: niyamaḥ (नियमः) + ca (च) + niranu-mānaḥ (निरनु-मानः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| niyamaḥ (नियमः) | nominative singular, masculine | a restriction |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| niranu-mānaḥ (निरनु-मानः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: niranu (निरनु), and a measure, a means of knowing. Read it from the end |
The phrases
niyamaḥ (नियमः) is a restriction. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
niranu-mānaḥ (निरनु-मानः) is a compound: niranu (निरनु), and a measure, a means of knowing. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
niranu-mānaḥ (निरनु-मानः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss niyamaḥ (नियमः) and niranu-mānaḥ (निरनु-मानः).