3.1.29
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.29
निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्धेः चातुर्भौन्तिकम्
niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdheḥ cāturbhauntikam
The line
Of niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdha (निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्ध), cāturbhauntika (चातुर्भौन्तिक).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The line is short. pārthivāpyataijasaṃ (पार्थिवाप्यतैजसं) from 3.1.28 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdheḥ (निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्धेः) + cāturbhauntikam (चातुर्भौन्तिकम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdheḥ (निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्धेः) | genitive or ablative singular | niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdha (निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्ध) |
| cāturbhauntikam (चातुर्भौन्तिकम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | cāturbhauntika (चातुर्भौन्तिक) |
The phrases
niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdheḥ (निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्धेः) is niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdha (निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्ध). It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
cāturbhauntikam (चातुर्भौन्तिकम्) is cāturbhauntika (चातुर्भौन्तिक). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdheḥ (निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्धेः) is genitive or ablative singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss niḥśvāsocchvāsopalabdheḥ (निःश्वासोच्छ्वासोपलब्धेः) and cāturbhauntikam (चातुर्भौन्तिकम्).