3.1.43
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.43
अभिव्यक्तौ च अभिभवात्
abhivyaktau ca abhibhavāt
The line
abhivyakta (अभिव्यक्त) and, because of abhibhava (अभिभव).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The line is short. bāhyaprakāśānugrahāt (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रहात्) from 3.1.42 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: abhivyaktau (अभिव्यक्तौ) + ca (च) + abhibhavāt (अभिभवात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| abhivyaktau (अभिव्यक्तौ) | nominative or accusative dual, or locative singular | abhivyakta (अभिव्यक्त) |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| abhibhavāt (अभिभवात्) | ablative singular | abhibhava (अभिभव) |
The phrases
abhivyaktau (अभिव्यक्तौ) is abhivyakta (अभिव्यक्त). It stands as nominative or accusative dual, or locative singular. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
abhibhavāt (अभिभवात्) is abhibhava (अभिभव). It stands as ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
abhivyaktau (अभिव्यक्तौ) is nominative or accusative dual, or locative singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss abhivyaktau (अभिव्यक्तौ) and abhibhavāt (अभिभवात्).