3.1.42
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.42
बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रहात् विषयोपलब्धेः अनभिव्यक्तितः अनुपलब्धिः
bāhyaprakāśānugrahāt viṣayopalabdheḥ anabhivyaktitaḥ anupalabdhiḥ
The line
Because of bāhyaprakāśānugraha (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रह), of viṣayopalabdha (विषयोपलब्ध), anabhivyaktita (अनभिव्यक्तित), not being found.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: bāhyaprakāśānugrahāt (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रहात्) + viṣayopalabdheḥ (विषयोपलब्धेः) + anabhivyaktitaḥ (अनभिव्यक्तितः) + anupalabdhiḥ (अनुपलब्धिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| bāhyaprakāśānugrahāt (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रहात्) | ablative singular | bāhyaprakāśānugraha (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रह) |
| viṣayopalabdheḥ (विषयोपलब्धेः) | genitive or ablative singular | viṣayopalabdha (विषयोपलब्ध) |
| anabhivyaktitaḥ (अनभिव्यक्तितः) | nominative singular, masculine | anabhivyaktita (अनभिव्यक्तित) |
| anupalabdhiḥ (अनुपलब्धिः) | nominative singular | not being found |
The phrases
bāhyaprakāśānugrahāt (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रहात्) is bāhyaprakāśānugraha (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रह). It stands as ablative singular. viṣayopalabdheḥ (विषयोपलब्धेः) is viṣayopalabdha (विषयोपलब्ध). It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
anabhivyaktitaḥ (अनभिव्यक्तितः) is anabhivyaktita (अनभिव्यक्तित). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. anupalabdhiḥ (अनुपलब्धिः) is not being found. It stands as nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
bāhyaprakāśānugrahāt (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रहात्) is ablative singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss bāhyaprakāśānugrahāt (बाह्यप्रकाशानुग्रहात्) and viṣayopalabdheḥ (विषयोपलब्धेः).
Next
3.1.43. abhivyakta (अभिव्यक्त) and, because of abhibhava (अभिभव).