3.1.59
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.59
विषयत्वाव्यतिरेकातेकत्वम्
viṣayatvāvyatirekāt ekatvam
The line
Because of a compound: an object, tvāvya (त्वाव्य), and tireka (तिरेक), a compound: one, and the state of being that.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The line is short. gandha-tvādya-vyati-rekāt (गन्ध-त्वाद्य-व्यति-रेकात्) from 3.1.58 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: viṣaya-tvāvya-tirekāt (विषय-त्वाव्य-तिरेकात्) + eka-tvam (एक-त्वम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| viṣaya-tvāvya-tirekāt (विषय-त्वाव्य-तिरेकात्) | ablative singular | a compound: an object, tvāvya (त्वाव्य), and tireka (तिरेक). Read it from the end |
| eka-tvam (एक-त्वम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: one, and the state of being that. Read it from the end |
The phrases
viṣaya-tvāvya-tirekāt (विषय-त्वाव्य-तिरेकात्) is a compound: an object, tvāvya (त्वाव्य), and tireka (तिरेक). Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
eka-tvam (एक-त्वम्) is a compound: one, and the state of being that. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
viṣaya-tvāvya-tirekāt (विषय-त्वाव्य-तिरेकात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss viṣaya-tvāvya-tirekāt (विषय-त्वाव्य-तिरेकात्) and eka-tvam (एक-त्वम्).