3.1.58
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.58
गन्धत्वाद्यव्यतिरेकात् गन्धादीनामप्रतिषेधः
gandhatvādyavyatirekāt gandhādīnāmapratiṣedhaḥ
The line
Because of a compound: smell, tvādya (त्वाद्य), vyati (व्यति), and reka (रेक), a compound: gandhādī (गन्धादी), by name, indeed, and a denial.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The line is short. tadartha-bahutvāt (तदर्थ-बहुत्वात्) from 3.1.57 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: gandha-tvādya-vyati-rekāt (गन्ध-त्वाद्य-व्यति-रेकात्) + gandhādī-nāma-pratiṣedhaḥ (गन्धादी-नाम-प्रतिषेधः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| gandha-tvādya-vyati-rekāt (गन्ध-त्वाद्य-व्यति-रेकात्) | ablative singular | a compound: smell, tvādya (त्वाद्य), vyati (व्यति), and reka (रेक). Read it from the end |
| gandhādī-nāma-pratiṣedhaḥ (गन्धादी-नाम-प्रतिषेधः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: gandhādī (गन्धादी), by name, indeed, and a denial. Read it from the end |
The phrases
gandha-tvādya-vyati-rekāt (गन्ध-त्वाद्य-व्यति-रेकात्) is a compound: smell, tvādya (त्वाद्य), vyati (व्यति), and reka (रेक). Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
gandhādī-nāma-pratiṣedhaḥ (गन्धादी-नाम-प्रतिषेधः) is a compound: gandhādī (गन्धादी), by name, indeed, and a denial. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
gandha-tvādya-vyati-rekāt (गन्ध-त्वाद्य-व्यति-रेकात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss gandha-tvādya-vyati-rekāt (गन्ध-त्वाद्य-व्यति-रेकात्) and gandhādī-nāma-pratiṣedhaḥ (गन्धादी-नाम-प्रतिषेधः).