3.1.68
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.68
पूर्वपूर्वगुणोत्कर्षात् तत्तत् प्रधानम्
pūrvapūrvaguṇotkarṣāt tattat pradhānam
The line
Because of a compound: the earlier, the earlier, a quality, and a raising, that, that, the unmanifest of Sāṅkhya (साङ्ख्य).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The line is short. pārthivāpyayoḥ (पार्थिवाप्ययोः) from 3.1.67 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: pūrva-pūrva-guṇa-utkarṣāt (पूर्व-पूर्व-गुण-उत्कर्षात्) + tat (तत्) + tat (तत्) + pradhānam (प्रधानम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pūrva-pūrva-guṇa-utkarṣāt (पूर्व-पूर्व-गुण-उत्कर्षात्) | ablative singular | a compound: the earlier, the earlier, a quality, and a raising. Read it from the end |
| tat (तत्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that |
| tat (तत्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that |
| pradhānam (प्रधानम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | the unmanifest of Sāṅkhya (साङ्ख्य) |
The phrases
pūrva-pūrva-guṇa-utkarṣāt (पूर्व-पूर्व-गुण-उत्कर्षात्) is a compound: the earlier, the earlier, a quality, and a raising. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. tat (तत्) is that. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
tat (तत्) is that. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. The line joins them as tattat. pradhānam (प्रधानम्) is the unmanifest of Sāṅkhya (साङ्ख्य). It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
pūrva-pūrva-guṇa-utkarṣāt (पूर्व-पूर्व-गुण-उत्कर्षात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line joins them as tattat.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pūrva-pūrva-guṇa-utkarṣāt (पूर्व-पूर्व-गुण-उत्कर्षात्) and pradhānam (प्रधानम्).