3.2.20
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.2.20
ततात्मगुणत्वे अपि तुल्यम्
tat ātmaguṇatve api tulyam
The line
That, in ātmaguṇatva (आत्मगुणत्व) even, like, equal.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Examines the objects: the self, the body, the senses, the mind. The line is short. yugapat (युगपत्) from 3.2.19 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: tat (तत्) + ātmaguṇatve (आत्मगुणत्वे) + api (अपि) + tulyam (तुल्यम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tat (तत्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that |
| ātmaguṇatve (आत्मगुणत्वे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | ātmaguṇatva (आत्मगुणत्व) |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | also, even |
| tulyam (तुल्यम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | like, equal |
The phrases
tat (तत्) is that. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. ātmaguṇatve (आत्मगुणत्वे) is ātmaguṇatva (आत्मगुणत्व). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
api (अपि) is also, even. It stands as indeclinable. tulyam (तुल्यम्) is like, equal. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
ātmaguṇatve (आत्मगुणत्वे) is locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss ātmaguṇatve (आत्मगुणत्वे) and tulyam (तुल्यम्).