4.2.21
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.21
शब्दसंयोगविभावाच्च सर्वगतम्
śabdasaṃyogavibhāvācca sarvagatam
The line
A compound: a word, conjunction, and vibhāvācca (विभावाच्च), a compound: all, and gone.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. antarbahiśca (अन्तर्बहिश्च) from 4.2.20 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: śabda-saṃyoga-vibhāvācca (शब्द-संयोग-विभावाच्च) + sarva-gatam (सर्व-गतम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| śabda-saṃyoga-vibhāvācca (शब्द-संयोग-विभावाच्च) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: a word, conjunction, and vibhāvācca (विभावाच्च). Read it from the end |
| sarva-gatam (सर्व-गतम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: all, and gone. Read it from the end |
The phrases
śabda-saṃyoga-vibhāvācca (शब्द-संयोग-विभावाच्च) is a compound: a word, conjunction, and vibhāvācca (विभावाच्च). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member.
sarva-gatam (सर्व-गतम्) is a compound: all, and gone. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
śabda-saṃyoga-vibhāvācca (शब्द-संयोग-विभावाच्च) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss śabda-saṃyoga-vibhāvācca (शब्द-संयोग-विभावाच्च) and sarva-gatam (सर्व-गतम्).