4.2.3
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.3
तन्निमित्तं त्ववयव्यभिमानः
tannimittaṃ tvavayavyabhimānaḥ
The line
A compound: that, and the efficient ground, a compound: tvava (त्वव), yavyabhi (यव्यभि), and a measure, a means of knowing.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. doṣa-nimittaṃ (दोष-निमित्तं) from 4.2.2 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: tat-nimittaṃ (तत्-निमित्तं) + tvava-yavyabhi-mānaḥ (त्वव-यव्यभि-मानः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tat-nimittaṃ (तत्-निमित्तं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: that, and the efficient ground. Read it from the end |
| tvava-yavyabhi-mānaḥ (त्वव-यव्यभि-मानः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: tvava (त्वव), yavyabhi (यव्यभि), and a measure, a means of knowing. Read it from the end |
The phrases
tat-nimittaṃ (तत्-निमित्तं) is a compound: that, and the efficient ground. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
tvava-yavyabhi-mānaḥ (त्वव-यव्यभि-मानः) is a compound: tvava (त्वव), yavyabhi (यव्यभि), and a measure, a means of knowing. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
tvava-yavyabhi-mānaḥ (त्वव-यव्यभि-मानः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss tat-nimittaṃ (तत्-निमित्तं) and tvava-yavyabhi-mānaḥ (त्वव-यव्यभि-मानः).
Next
4.2.4. Because of a compound: knowing, not-knowing, dvai (द्वै), and vidhya (विध्य), doubt.