4.2.32
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.32
मायागन्धर्वनगरमृगतृष्णिकावद्वा
māyāgandharvanagaramṛgatṛṣṇikāvadvā
The line
A compound: māyā (माया), smell, rvana (र्वन), gara (गर), mṛga (मृग), tṛṣṇi (तृष्णि), and kāvadva (कावद्व).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. svapna-viṣa-yābhi-māna-vadayaṃ (स्वप्न-विष-याभि-मान-वदयं) from 4.2.31 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: māyā-gandha-rvana-gara-mṛga-tṛṣṇi-kāvadvā (माया-गन्ध-र्वन-गर-मृग-तृष्णि-कावद्वा)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| māyā-gandha-rvana-gara-mṛga-tṛṣṇi-kāvadvā (माया-गन्ध-र्वन-गर-मृग-तृष्णि-कावद्वा) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | a compound: māyā (माया), smell, rvana (र्वन), gara (गर), mṛga (मृग), tṛṣṇi (तृष्णि), and kāvadva (कावद्व). Read it from the end |
The phrases
māyā-gandha-rvana-gara-mṛga-tṛṣṇi-kāvadvā (माया-गन्ध-र्वन-गर-मृग-तृष्णि-कावद्वा) is a compound: māyā (माया), smell, rvana (र्वन), gara (गर), mṛga (मृग), tṛṣṇi (तृष्णि), and kāvadva (कावद्व). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular.
Hold the words in that order. The English of the whole line comes after them.
Sanskrit in this line
māyā-gandha-rvana-gara-mṛga-tṛṣṇi-kāvadvā (माया-गन्ध-र्वन-गर-मृग-तृष्णि-कावद्वा) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss māyā-gandha-rvana-gara-mṛga-tṛṣṇi-kāvadvā (माया-गन्ध-र्वन-गर-मृग-तृष्णि-कावद्वा).
Next
4.2.33. A compound: a reason, abhā (अभा), honest debate, and established.