4.2.39
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.39
न, अर्थविशेषप्रावल्यात्
na, arthaviśeṣaprāvalyāt
The line
Not because of a compound: a thing, a meaning, a difference, and prāvalya (प्रावल्य).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. samādhi-viśeṣa-abhyāsāt (समाधि-विशेष-अभ्यासात्) from 4.2.38 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: na (न) + artha-viśeṣa-prāvalyāt (अर्थ-विशेष-प्रावल्यात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| artha-viśeṣa-prāvalyāt (अर्थ-विशेष-प्रावल्यात्) | ablative singular | a compound: a thing, a meaning, a difference, and prāvalya (प्रावल्य). Read it from the end |
The phrases
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable.
artha-viśeṣa-prāvalyāt (अर्थ-विशेष-प्रावल्यात्) is a compound: a thing, a meaning, a difference, and prāvalya (प्रावल्य). Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
artha-viśeṣa-prāvalyāt (अर्थ-विशेष-प्रावल्यात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss artha-viśeṣa-prāvalyāt (अर्थ-विशेष-प्रावल्यात्).
Next
4.2.40. By means of kṣudāda (क्षुदाद), pravartanācca (प्रवर्तनाच्च).