4.2.41
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.41
पूर्वकृतफलानुबन्धात् तदुत्पत्तिः
pūrvakṛtaphalānubandhāt tadutpattiḥ
The line
Because of a compound: the earlier, made, done, a fruit, an atom, and bondage, tadutpatta (तदुत्पत्त).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. kṣudādibhiḥ (क्षुदादिभिः) from 4.2.40 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: pūrva-kṛta-phala-anu-bandhāt (पूर्व-कृत-फल-अनु-बन्धात्) + tadutpattiḥ (तदुत्पत्तिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pūrva-kṛta-phala-anu-bandhāt (पूर्व-कृत-फल-अनु-बन्धात्) | ablative singular | a compound: the earlier, made, done, a fruit, an atom, and bondage. Read it from the end |
| tadutpattiḥ (तदुत्पत्तिः) | nominative singular | tadutpatta (तदुत्पत्त) |
The phrases
pūrva-kṛta-phala-anu-bandhāt (पूर्व-कृत-फल-अनु-बन्धात्) is a compound: the earlier, made, done, a fruit, an atom, and bondage. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
tadutpattiḥ (तदुत्पत्तिः) is tadutpatta (तदुत्पत्त). It stands as nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
pūrva-kṛta-phala-anu-bandhāt (पूर्व-कृत-फल-अनु-बन्धात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pūrva-kṛta-phala-anu-bandhāt (पूर्व-कृत-फल-अनु-बन्धात्) and tadutpattiḥ (तदुत्पत्तिः).