5.1.11
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 5 / 5.1.11
प्रतिदृष्टान्तहेतुत्वे च नाहेतुर्दृष्टान्तः
pratidṛṣṭāntahetutve ca nāheturdṛṣṭāntaḥ
The line
In a compound: toward, against, an example, a reason, and the state of being that and, not aheturdṛṣṭānta (अहेतुर्दृष्टान्त).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 5. The false rejoinders, called jāti (जाति), and the points on which a debate is lost. The line is short. pradīpopādānaprasaṅganivṛttivat (प्रदीपोपादानप्रसङ्गनिवृत्तिवत्) from 5.1.10 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: prati-dṛṣṭānta-hetu-tve (प्रति-दृष्टान्त-हेतु-त्वे) + ca (च) + na (न) + aheturdṛṣṭāntaḥ (अहेतुर्दृष्टान्तः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prati-dṛṣṭānta-hetu-tve (प्रति-दृष्टान्त-हेतु-त्वे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: toward, against, an example, a reason, and the state of being that. Read it from the end |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| aheturdṛṣṭāntaḥ (अहेतुर्दृष्टान्तः) | nominative singular, masculine | aheturdṛṣṭānta (अहेतुर्दृष्टान्त) |
The phrases
prati-dṛṣṭānta-hetu-tve (प्रति-दृष्टान्त-हेतु-त्वे) is a compound: toward, against, an example, a reason, and the state of being that. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. aheturdṛṣṭāntaḥ (अहेतुर्दृष्टान्तः) is aheturdṛṣṭānta (अहेतुर्दृष्टान्त). It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
prati-dṛṣṭānta-hetu-tve (प्रति-दृष्टान्त-हेतु-त्वे) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prati-dṛṣṭānta-hetu-tve (प्रति-दृष्टान्त-हेतु-त्वे) and aheturdṛṣṭāntaḥ (अहेतुर्दृष्टान्तः).