Speech and sound / Saṅgītaratnākara / 1.3.2 The three gods
1.3.2
The Saṅgītaratnākara (सङ्गीतरत्नाकर)
नादोपासनया देवा ब्रह्मविष्णुमहेश्वराः ।
भवन्त्युपासिता नूनं यस्मादेते तदात्मकाः nādopāsanayā devā brahmaviṣṇumaheśvarāḥ |
bhavanty upāsitā nūnaṃ yasmād ete tadātmakāḥ
The line
By the worship of nāda (नाद), the gods Brahmā (ब्रह्मा), Viṣṇu (विष्णु), and Maheśvara (महेश्वर) are surely worshipped, because these have that as their own form.
नेपालीमा
नादको पूजाबाट देवता ब्रह्मा, विष्णु र महेश्वर अवश्य पूजित हुन्छन्, किनकि तिनीहरूको आफ्नै रूप त्यही हो।
Where it sits
1.3.1 named what is worshipped. This verse names three gods and ties them to it by tadātmakāḥ (तदात्मकाः). The next verse leaves the gods and starts the path inside a body: the self that wants to speak.
Split: nāda-upāsanayā (नाद-उपासनया) + devāḥ (देवाः) + brahma-viṣṇu-maheśvarāḥ (ब्रह्म-विष्णु-महेश्वराः) + bhavanti (भवन्ति) + upāsitāḥ (उपासिताः) + nūnam (नूनम्) + yasmāt (यस्मात्) + ete (एते) + tad-ātmakāḥ (तद्-आत्मकाः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| nāda-upāsanayā (नाद-उपासनया) | instrumental singular, feminine | By the worship of nāda (नाद). upāsanā (उपासना), the sitting-near. Heard nādopāsanayā (नादोपासनया). |
| devāḥ (देवाः) | nominative plural, masculine | The gods. The visarga drops before the next voiced consonant: devā brahma (देवा ब्रह्म). |
| brahma-viṣṇu-maheśvarāḥ (ब्रह्म-विष्णु-महेश्वराः) | nominative plural, masculine | Brahmā (ब्रह्मा), Viṣṇu (विष्णु), and Maheśvara (महेश्वर). A dvandva (द्वन्द्व), and it agrees with devāḥ (देवाः). |
| bhavanti (भवन्ति) | present, third person plural | They become. |
| upāsitāḥ (उपासिताः) | nominative plural, masculine | Worshipped. Past participle of upa (उप) and the root ās (आस्). The visarga drops before nūnam (नूनम्). |
| nūnam (नूनम्) | indeclinable | Surely. |
| yasmāt (यस्मात्) | indeclinable, from the ablative | Because. Heard yasmād (यस्माद्) before ete (एते). |
| ete (एते) | nominative plural, masculine | These. The three gods. |
| tad-ātmakāḥ (तद्-आत्मकाः) | nominative plural, masculine | Whose own form is that. That is nāda-brahman (नाद-ब्रह्मन्), from 1.3.1. |
The phrases
Worship of nāda (नाद) is worship of these three, and the verse says why: they have that as their own form.
Tad (तद्) carries nāda-brahman (नाद-ब्रह्मन्) from the previous verse. The word is not repeated.
Sanskrit in this line
Nāda (नाद) plus upāsanayā (उपासनया) is nādopāsanayā (नादोपासनया).
Yasmāt (यस्मात्) plus ete (एते). A final t (त्) before a vowel is heard as d (द्): yasmād ete (यस्मादेते).
Devāḥ (देवाः) before brahma (ब्रह्म). A visarga after ā (आ), before a voiced consonant, drops.
Say it back
Say the reason in the verse's own compound: tadātmakāḥ (तदात्मकाः). Say what tad (तद्) picks up.