Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Janaka asks (अध्याय १) / 1.12
1.12
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
आत्मा साक्षी विभुः पूर्ण एको मुक्तश् चिदक्रियः ।
असङ्गो निःस्पृहः शान्तो भ्रमात् संसारवानिव ātmā sākṣī vibhuḥ pūrṇa eko muktaś cidakriyaḥ |
asaṅgo niḥspṛhaḥ śānto bhramāt saṃsāravān iva
The line
The self is witness, pervasive, full, one, free, awareness without action. It is unattached, without longing, at peace. From error it is as if it possessed the wandering on.
नेपालीमा
आत्मा साक्षी, विभु, पूर्ण, एक, मुक्त, चेतना र अक्रिय हो। असङ्ग, इच्छारहित, शान्त हो। भ्रमका कारण आत्मा संसार भएको जस्तो देखिन्छ।
Where it sits
Aṣṭāvakra (अष्टावक्र) is still speaking. The predicates pile up before the one comparison that looks like bondage.
Split: ātmā (आत्मा) + sākṣī (साक्षी) + vibhuḥ (विभुः) + pūrṇaḥ (पूर्णः) + ekaḥ (एकः) + muktaḥ (मुक्तः) + cidakriyaḥ (चिदक्रियः) + asaṅgaḥ (असङ्गः) + niḥspṛhaḥ (निःस्पृहः) + śāntaḥ (शान्तः) + bhramāt (भ्रमात्) + saṃsāravān (संसारवान्) + iva (इव)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ātmā (आत्मा) | nominative singular, masculine | the self. |
| sākṣī (साक्षी) | nominative singular, masculine | the witness. |
| vibhuḥ (विभुः) | nominative singular, masculine | the pervasive. |
| pūrṇaḥ (पूर्णः) | nominative singular, masculine | full. The visarga drops before ekaḥ (एकः). |
| ekaḥ (एकः) | nominative singular, masculine | one. Recited eko (एको) before muktaḥ (मुक्तः). |
| muktaḥ (मुक्तः) | nominative singular, masculine | free. Recited muktaś (मुक्तश्) before cidakriyaḥ (चिदक्रियः). |
| cidakriyaḥ (चिदक्रियः) | nominative singular, masculine | awareness without action. cit (चित्) is awareness. akriya (अक्रिय) is without action. |
| asaṅgaḥ (असङ्गः) | nominative singular, masculine | unattached. Recited asaṅgo (असङ्गो) before niḥspṛhaḥ (निःस्पृहः). |
| niḥspṛhaḥ (निःस्पृहः) | nominative singular, masculine | without longing. |
| śāntaḥ (शान्तः) | nominative singular, masculine | at peace. Recited śānto (शान्तो) before bhramāt (भ्रमात्). |
| bhramāt (भ्रमात्) | ablative singular, masculine | from error. |
| saṃsāravān (संसारवान्) | nominative singular, masculine | one who has the wandering on. saṃsāra (संसार) is that wandering. |
| iva (इव) | indeclinable | as if. |
The phrases
All the nominatives through śāntaḥ (शान्तः) predicate ātmā (आत्मा). There is no finite verb. bhramāt (भ्रमात्) gives the source of the seeming, and iva (इव) marks saṃsāravān (संसारवान्) as comparison.
Sanskrit in this line
pūrṇaḥ (पूर्णः) before ekaḥ (एकः) loses the visarga. muktaḥ (मुक्तः) before cit is muktaś (मुक्तश्), because visarga before c becomes ś (श्). bhramāt (भ्रमात्) plus saṃsāravān (संसारवान्) is one run, and saṃsāravān (संसारवान्) plus iva joins n to the vowel.
Say it back
Which predicate is only as if, and from what?