Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Janaka asks (अध्याय १) / 1.20
1.20
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
एकं सर्वगतं व्योम बहिरन्तर् यथा घटे ।
नित्यं निरन्तरं ब्रह्म सर्वभूतगणे तथा ekaṃ sarvagataṃ vyoma bahir antar yathā ghaṭe |
nityaṃ nirantaraṃ brahma sarvabhūtagaṇe tathā
The line
As one space, present everywhere, is outside and inside a pot, so eternal, continuous brahman is in the whole host of beings.
नेपालीमा
जसरी एकै सर्वगत आकाश घडाको बाहिर र भित्र हुन्छ, त्यसै गरी नित्य निरन्तर ब्रह्म सबै प्राणीको समूहमा हुन्छ।
Where it sits
Aṣṭāvakra (अष्टावक्र) is still speaking. The chapter ends on the pot and space, after the mirror.
Split: ekam (एकम्) + sarvagatam (सर्वगतम्) + vyoma (व्योम) + bahiḥ (बहिः) + antar (अन्तर्) + yathā (यथा) + ghaṭe (घटे) + nityam (नित्यम्) + nirantaram (निरन्तरम्) + brahma (ब्रह्म) + sarvabhūtagaṇe (सर्वभूतगणे) + tathā (तथा)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ekam (एकम्) | nominative singular, neuter | one. Agrees with vyoma (व्योम). |
| sarvagatam (सर्वगतम्) | nominative singular, neuter | gone everywhere. Agrees with vyoma (व्योम). |
| vyoma (व्योम) | nominative singular, neuter | space. |
| bahiḥ (बहिः) | indeclinable | outside. Recited bahir (बहिर्) before antar (अन्तर्). |
| antar (अन्तर्) | indeclinable | inside. |
| yathā (यथा) | indeclinable | just as. |
| ghaṭe (घटे) | locative singular, masculine | in a pot. |
| nityam (नित्यम्) | nominative singular, neuter | eternal. Agrees with brahma (ब्रह्म). |
| nirantaram (निरन्तरम्) | nominative singular, neuter | without a gap, continuous. Agrees with brahma (ब्रह्म). |
| brahma (ब्रह्म) | nominative singular, neuter | brahman. |
| sarvabhūtagaṇe (सर्वभूतगणे) | locative singular, masculine | in the host of all beings. sarva (सर्व) is all. bhūta (भूत) is a being. gaṇa (गण) is a host. |
| tathā (तथा) | indeclinable | so. |
The phrases
yathā (यथा) and tathā (तथा) again. vyoma (व्योम) is one and gone everywhere, outside and inside ghaṭe (घटे). brahma (ब्रह्म) is eternal and continuous in sarvabhūtagaṇe (सर्वभूतगणे). No finite verb.
Sanskrit in this line
bahiḥ (बहिः) before a vowel is bahir, and bahir plus antar is one run. antar plus yathā (यथा) joins r to y.
Say it back
What is the pot to space, and what is the host of beings to brahman?