Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Janaka (अध्याय ४) / 4.2
4.2
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
यत् पदं प्रेप्सवो दीनाः शक्राद्याः सर्वदेवताः ।
अहो तत्र स्थितो योगी न हर्षमुपगच्छति yat padaṃ prepsavo dīnāḥ śakrādyāḥ sarvadevatāḥ |
aho tatra sthito yogī na harṣam upagacchati
The line
The state which the wretched ones, Indra and the rest, all the gods, are eager to reach: ah, the yogin who stands there does not come to excitement.
नेपालीमा
दीन भएका इन्द्र आदि सबै देवताले जुन पद पाउन चाहन्छन्, अहो, त्यहाँ बसेको योगी हर्षमा पुग्दैन।
Where it sits
Janaka is still speaking. The state the gods want is the state where excitement does not arrive.
Split: yat (यत्) + padam (पदम्) + prepsavaḥ (प्रेप्सवः) + dīnāḥ (दीनाः) + śakrādyāḥ (शक्राद्याः) + sarvadevatāḥ (सर्वदेवताः) + aho (अहो) + tatra (तत्र) + sthitaḥ (स्थितः) + yogī (योगी) + na (न) + harṣam (हर्षम्) + upagacchati (उपगच्छति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yat (यत्) | nominative singular, neuter | which. |
| padam (पदम्) | nominative singular, neuter | state. Agrees with yat (यत्). |
| prepsavaḥ (प्रेप्सवः) | nominative plural, masculine | those eager to reach. Recited prepsavo (प्रेप्सवो) before d (द्). |
| dīnāḥ (दीनाः) | nominative plural, masculine | the wretched. Agrees with prepsavaḥ (प्रेप्सवः). |
| śakrādyāḥ (शक्राद्याः) | nominative plural, masculine | Indra and the rest. |
| sarvadevatāḥ (सर्वदेवताः) | nominative plural, feminine | all the gods. |
| aho (अहो) | indeclinable | ah. |
| tatra (तत्र) | indeclinable | there. In that padam (पदम्). |
| sthitaḥ (स्थितः) | past participle, nominative singular, masculine | standing. Recited sthito (स्थितो) before y (य्). |
| yogī (योगी) | nominative singular, masculine | the yogin. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| harṣam (हर्षम्) | accusative singular, masculine | excitement. |
| upagacchati (उपगच्छति) | present third person singular | goes toward, attains. From upa (उप) plus gam (गम्). |
The phrases
yat padam is the object the gods are eager for. prepsavaḥ (प्रेप्सवः) dīnāḥ (दीनाः) śakrādyāḥ (शक्राद्याः) sarvadevatāḥ (सर्वदेवताः) form that subject. tatra points back to padam. yogī (योगी) sthitaḥ (स्थितः) is the subject of na upagacchati, and harṣam (हर्षम्) is the object.
Sanskrit in this line
prepsavaḥ (प्रेप्सवः) before d is prepsavo. sthitaḥ (स्थितः) before y is sthito. The visargas of dīnāḥ (दीनाः), śakrādyāḥ (शक्राद्याः), and sarvadevatāḥ (सर्वदेवताः) stay as written.
Say it back
Who stands in the state the gods want, and what does he not reach?