Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय ५) / 5.4
5.4
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
समदुःखसुखः पूर्ण आशानैराश्ययोः समः ।
समजीवितमृत्युः सन्नेवमेव लयं व्रज samaduḥkhasukhaḥ pūrṇa āśānairāśyayoḥ samaḥ |
samajīvitamṛtyuḥ sann evam eva layaṃ vraja
The line
Being the same in pain and pleasure, full, the same in hope and hopelessness, the same in life and death, go thus, just so, to dissolution.
नेपालीमा
दुःख र सुखमा समान, पूर्ण, आशा र निराशामा समान, जीवन र मृत्युमा समान भएर यसरी नै लयमा जाऊ।
Where it sits
Astavakra is still speaking. Chapter 5 ends on the fourth repetition of the command.
Split: samaduḥkhasukhaḥ (समदुःखसुखः) + pūrṇaḥ (पूर्णः) + āśānairāśyayoḥ (आशानैराश्ययोः) + samaḥ (समः) + samajīvitamṛtyuḥ (समजीवितमृत्युः) + san (सन्) + evam (एवम्) + eva (एव) + layam (लयम्) + vraja (व्रज)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| samaduḥkhasukhaḥ (समदुःखसुखः) | nominative singular, masculine | one for whom pain and pleasure are the same. |
| pūrṇaḥ (पूर्णः) | nominative singular, masculine | full. Recited pūrṇa (पूर्ण) before ā (आ). |
| āśānairāśyayoḥ (आशानैराश्ययोः) | locative dual | in hope and in hopelessness. |
| samaḥ (समः) | nominative singular, masculine | the same, even. |
| samajīvitamṛtyuḥ (समजीवितमृत्युः) | nominative singular, masculine | one for whom life and death are the same. |
| san (सन्) | present participle, nominative singular, masculine | being. From as (अस्). Recited sann (सन्न्) before e (ए). |
| evam (एवम्) | indeclinable | thus. |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | indeed. |
| layam (लयम्) | accusative singular, masculine | dissolution. |
| vraja (व्रज) | imperative second person singular | go. |
The phrases
The nominatives name the one addressed, and san ties them to the imperative vraja. samaḥ (समः) is specified by the locative dual. layam is again the object, manner evam eva.
Sanskrit in this line
The visarga of pūrṇaḥ (पूर्णः) drops before ā (आ). san before evam doubles the n. samaḥ (समः) keeps its visarga at the pause.
Say it back
In what pairs is he the same?