Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय ११) / 11.1
11.1
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
भावाभावविकारश् च स्वभावादिति निश्चयी ।
निर्विकारो गतक्लेशः सुखेनैवोपशाम्यति bhāvābhāvavikāraś ca svabhāvād iti niścayī |
nirvikāro gatakleśaḥ sukhenaivopaśāmyati
The line
One who has settled that the alteration of being and of absence comes from his own nature, himself without alteration and with distress gone, comes to rest by ease itself.
नेपालीमा
भाव र अभावको विकार आफ्नै स्वभावबाट हो भनी निश्चय गरेको, विकाररहित र क्लेश हटेको मानिस सुखले नै शान्त हुन्छ।
Where it sits
Aṣṭāvakra (अष्टावक्र) speaks. aṣṭāvakra (अष्टावक्र) uvāca (उवाच) is printed before the verse and is not numbered. Chapter 11 opens on the one who has settled this.
Split: bhāvābhāvavikāraḥ (भावाभावविकारः) + ca (च) + svabhāvāt (स्वभावात्) + iti (इति) + niścayī (निश्चयी) + nirvikāraḥ (निर्विकारः) + gatakleśaḥ (गतक्लेशः) + sukhena (सुखेन) + eva (एव) + upaśāmyati (उपशाम्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| bhāvābhāvavikāraḥ (भावाभावविकारः) | nominative singular, masculine | the alteration of being and of absence. Read from vikāraḥ (विकारः). Recited bhāvābhāvavikāraś (भावाभावविकारश्) before ca (च). |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| svabhāvāt (स्वभावात्) | ablative singular, masculine | from one's own nature. Recited svabhāvād (स्वभावाद्) before iti (इति). |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | thus. Closes the settled claim. |
| niścayī (निश्चयी) | nominative singular, masculine | one who has settled it. Subject of upaśāmyati (उपशाम्यति). |
| nirvikāraḥ (निर्विकारः) | nominative singular, masculine | without alteration. Agrees with niścayī (निश्चयी). Recited nirvikāro (निर्विकारो) before gatakleśaḥ (गतक्लेशः). |
| gatakleśaḥ (गतक्लेशः) | nominative singular, masculine | one whose distress has gone. Read from kleśaḥ (क्लेशः). Agrees with niścayī (निश्चयी). |
| sukhena (सुखेन) | instrumental singular, neuter | by ease. |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | itself. With sukhena (सुखेन). |
| upaśāmyati (उपशाम्यति) | present third person singular | comes to rest. From upa (उप) and śam (शम्). |
The phrases
iti (इति) closes bhāvābhāvavikāraḥ (भावाभावविकारः) ca (च) svabhāvāt (स्वभावात्). niścayī (निश्चयी) is the subject, and nirvikāraḥ (निर्विकारः) and gatakleśaḥ (गतक्लेशः) agree with it. sukhena (सुखेन) eva (एव) is the means of upaśāmyati (उपशाम्यति).
Sanskrit in this line
bhāvābhāvavikāraḥ (भावाभावविकारः) before ca (च) is bhāvābhāvavikāraś (भावाभावविकारश्). svabhāvāt (स्वभावात्) before iti (इति) is svabhāvād (स्वभावाद्). nirvikāraḥ (निर्विकारः) before a voiced consonant is nirvikāro (निर्विकारो). sukhena (सुखेन) plus eva (एव) plus upaśāmyati (उपशाम्यति) is sukhenaivopaśāmyati (सुखेनैवोपशाम्यति).
Say it back
From what does the settled one say the alteration comes?