Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Janaka (अध्याय १२) / 12.6
12.6
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
कर्मानुष्ठानमज्ञानाद् यथैवोपरमस् तथा ।
बुध्वा सम्यगिदं तत्त्वमेवमेवाहमास्थितः karmānuṣṭhānam ajñānād yathaivoparamas tathā |
budhvā samyag idaṃ tattvam evam evāham āsthitaḥ
The line
The performance of action is from not knowing, and the stopping is just so. Having fully known this truth, I am settled just so.
नेपालीमा
कर्मको अनुष्ठान अज्ञानबाट हो, र उपरम पनि त्यस्तै हो। यो तत्त्व राम्ररी बुझेर म यसरी नै स्थित छु।
Where it sits
Janaka is still speaking. Doing and stopping are set on the same ground, then the refrain.
Split: karmānuṣṭhānam (कर्मानुष्ठानम्) + ajñānāt (अज्ञानात्) + yathā (यथा) + eva (एव) + uparamaḥ (उपरमः) + tathā (तथा) + buddhvā (बुद्ध्वा) + samyak (सम्यक्) + idam (इदम्) + tattvam (तत्त्वम्) + evam (एवम्) + eva (एव) + aham (अहम्) + āsthitaḥ (आस्थितः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| karmānuṣṭhānam (कर्मानुष्ठानम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the performance of action. Read from anuṣṭhānam (अनुष्ठानम्). Joined to ajñānāt (अज्ञानात्). |
| ajñānāt (अज्ञानात्) | ablative singular, neuter | from not knowing. Recited ajñānād (अज्ञानाद्) before yathā (यथा). |
| yathā (यथा) | indeclinable | just as. Recited inside yathaiva (यथैव). |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | indeed. With yathā (यथा). |
| uparamaḥ (उपरमः) | nominative singular, masculine | stopping, ceasing. Recited yathaivoparamas (यथैवोपरम) before tathā (तथा). |
| tathā (तथा) | indeclinable | so. |
| buddhvā (बुद्ध्वा) | absolutive | having known. From budh (बुध्). The file prints budhvā (बुध्वा), with one dh (ध्). |
| samyak (सम्यक्) | indeclinable | fully, rightly. Recited samyag (सम्यग्) before idam (इदम्). |
| idam (इदम्) | accusative singular, neuter | this. Agrees with tattvam (तत्त्वम्). |
| tattvam (तत्त्वम्) | accusative singular, neuter | reality, the truth. Object of buddhvā (बुद्ध्वा). Joined to the following evam (एवम्). |
| evam (एवम्) | indeclinable | thus. |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | just. |
| aham (अहम्) | nominative singular | I. |
| āsthitaḥ (आस्थितः) | nominative singular, masculine | settled. |
The phrases
yathā (यथा) eva (एव) and tathā (तथा) pair karmānuṣṭhānam (कर्मानुष्ठानम्) and uparamaḥ (उपरमः), both from ajñānāt (अज्ञानात्). buddhvā (बुद्ध्वा) takes idam (इदम्) tattvam (तत्त्वम्), with samyak (सम्यक्). The refrain follows.
Sanskrit in this line
karmānuṣṭhānam (कर्मानुष्ठानम्) plus ajñānāt (अज्ञानात्) joins m (म्) to the vowel. ajñānāt (अज्ञानात्) before yathā (यथा) is ajñānād (अज्ञानाद्), t (त्) becoming d (द्) before voiced y (य्). yathā (यथा) plus eva (एव) plus uparamaḥ (उपरमः) is yathaivoparamaḥ (यथैवोपरमः), and uparamaḥ (उपरमः) before tathā (तथा) is uparamas (उपरम). The file prints the absolutive as budhvā (बुध्वा), with one dh (ध्). samyak (सम्यक्) before idam (इदम्) is samyag (सम्यग्).
Say it back
What two things are alike, and from what?