Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Janaka (अध्याय १२) / 12.8
12.8
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
एवमेव कृतं येन स कृतार्थो भवेदसौ ।
एवमेव स्वभावो यः स कृतार्थो भवेदसौ evam eva kṛtaṃ yena sa kṛtārtho bhaved asau |
evam eva svabhāvo yaḥ sa kṛtārtho bhaved asau
The line
By whom this has been done just so, that one would be one who has gained the aim. Whose own nature is just so, that one would be one who has gained the aim.
नेपालीमा
जसले यसरी नै गरेको छ, ऊ कृतार्थ हुनेछ। जसको स्वभाव यसरी नै हो, ऊ कृतार्थ हुनेछ।
Where it sits
Janaka is still speaking. Chapter 12 closes by turning the refrain outward, onto whoever is thus.
Split: evam (एवम्) + eva (एव) + kṛtam (कृतम्) + yena (येन) + saḥ (सः) + kṛtārthaḥ (कृतार्थः) + bhavet (भवेत्) + asau (असौ) + evam (एवम्) + eva (एव) + svabhāvaḥ (स्वभावः) + yaḥ (यः) + saḥ (सः) + kṛtārthaḥ (कृतार्थः) + bhavet (भवेत्) + asau (असौ)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| evam (एवम्) | indeclinable | thus. Joined to eva (एव). |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | just. |
| kṛtam (कृतम्) | nominative singular, neuter | done. Agrees with an understood deed, or stands as the thing done. |
| yena (येन) | instrumental singular, masculine | by whom. |
| saḥ (सः) | nominative singular, masculine | he. Before a consonant the visarga is dropped, recited sa (स). |
| kṛtārthaḥ (कृतार्थः) | nominative singular, masculine | one who has gained the aim. Read from arthaḥ (अर्थः). Recited kṛtārtho (कृतार्थो) before bhavet (भवेत्). |
| bhavet (भवेत्) | optative third person singular | would be. Recited bhaved (भवेद्) before asau (असौ). |
| asau (असौ) | nominative singular, masculine | that one. Agrees with saḥ (सः). |
| evam (एवम्) | indeclinable | thus. |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | just. |
| svabhāvaḥ (स्वभावः) | nominative singular, masculine | own nature. Recited svabhāvo (स्वभावो) before yaḥ (यः). |
| yaḥ (यः) | nominative singular, masculine | who. The visarga stays before sa (स). |
| saḥ (सः) | nominative singular, masculine | he. Recited sa (स) before kṛtārthaḥ (कृतार्थः). |
| kṛtārthaḥ (कृतार्थः) | nominative singular, masculine | one who has gained the aim. Recited kṛtārtho (कृतार्थो) before bhavet (भवेत्). |
| bhavet (भवेत्) | optative third person singular | would be. Recited bhaved (भवेद्) before asau (असौ). |
| asau (असौ) | nominative singular, masculine | that one. |
The phrases
Two parallel claims. yena (येन) kṛtam (कृतम्) evam (एवम्) eva (एव) has saḥ (सः) asau (असौ) as kṛtārthaḥ (कृतार्थः). yaḥ (यः) has svabhāvaḥ (स्वभावः) evam (एवम्) eva (एव), and again saḥ (सः) asau (असौ) would be kṛtārthaḥ (कृतार्थः).
Sanskrit in this line
evam (एवम्) plus eva (एव) joins m (म्) to e (ए). saḥ (सः) before a consonant drops the visarga. kṛtārthaḥ (कृतार्थः) before bhavet (भवेत्) is kṛtārtho (कृतार्थो), and bhavet (भवेत्) before asau (असौ) is bhaved (भवेद्). svabhāvaḥ (स्वभावः) before yaḥ (यः) is svabhāvo (स्वभावो).
Say it back
Who would be one who has gained the aim?