Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Janaka (अध्याय १४) / 14.4
14.4
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
अन्तर्विकल्पशून्यस्य बहिः स्वच्छन्दचारिणः ।
भ्रान्तस्येव दशास् तास्तास् तादृशा एव जानते antarvikalpaśūnyasya bahiḥ svacchandacāriṇaḥ |
bhrāntasyeva daśās tāstās tādṛśā eva jānate
The line
Just such people know the various states of one empty of inner fancy, who moves as he pleases outside, to be like the states of a confused man.
नेपालीमा
भित्र विकल्पले शून्य र बाहिर स्वच्छन्द हिँड्नेका विविध दशा भ्रान्तका जस्तै हुन् भनी त्यस्तै मानिसहरू जान्छन्।
Where it sits
Janaka is still speaking. Chapter 14 closes on how those states are known.
Split: antarvikalpaśūnyasya (अन्तर्विकल्पशून्यस्य) + bahiḥ (बहिः) + svacchandacāriṇaḥ (स्वच्छन्दचारिणः) + bhrāntasya (भ्रान्तस्य) + iva (इव) + daśāḥ (दशाः) + tāḥ (ताः) + tāḥ (ताः) + tādṛśāḥ (तादृशाः) + eva (एव) + jānate (जानते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| antarvikalpaśūnyasya (अन्तर्विकल्पशून्यस्य) | genitive singular, masculine | of one empty of inner fancy. Read from śūnyasya (शून्यस्य). |
| bahiḥ (बहिः) | indeclinable | outside. |
| svacchandacāriṇaḥ (स्वच्छन्दचारिणः) | genitive singular, masculine | of one who moves as he pleases. Read from cāriṇaḥ (चारिणः). Agrees with antarvikalpaśūnyasya (अन्तर्विकल्पशून्यस्य). |
| bhrāntasya (भ्रान्तस्य) | genitive singular, masculine | of a confused one. Recited bhrāntasyeva (भ्रान्तस्येव) with iva (इव). |
| iva (इव) | indeclinable | like. |
| daśāḥ (दशाः) | accusative plural, feminine | states. Recited daśās (दशास्) before tāḥ (ताः). |
| tāḥ (ताः) | accusative plural, feminine | those. Agrees with daśāḥ (दशाः). Recited tās (तास्) before the next tāḥ (ताः). |
| tāḥ (ताः) | accusative plural, feminine | those. Recited tās (तास्) before tādṛśāḥ (तादृशाः). |
| tādṛśāḥ (तादृशाः) | nominative plural, masculine | people of that kind. Subject of jānate (जानते). The visarga is dropped before eva (एव). |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | just. |
| jānate (जानते) | present third person plural | they know. From jñā (ज्ञा), middle. |
The phrases
daśāḥ (दशाः) tāḥ (ताः) tāḥ (ताः) of antarvikalpaśūnyasya (अन्तर्विकल्पशून्यस्य) svacchandacāriṇaḥ (स्वच्छन्दचारिणः), who is bahiḥ (बहिः), are known bhrāntasya (भ्रान्तस्य) iva (इव). tādṛśāḥ (तादृशाः) eva (एव) is the subject of jānate (जानते).
Sanskrit in this line
bhrāntasya (भ्रान्तस्य) plus iva (इव) is bhrāntasyeva (भ्रान्तस्येव). daśāḥ (दशाः) before t (त्) is daśās (दशास्), and each tāḥ (ताः) before t (त्) is tās (तास्). tādṛśāḥ (तादृशाः) before eva (एव) drops the visarga, the vowels staying apart.
Say it back
Whose states are known as like a confused man's?