Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १५) / 15.9
15.9
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
गुणैः संवेष्टितो देहस् तिष्ठत्यायाति याति च ।
आत्मा न गन्ता नागन्ता किमेनमनुशोचसि guṇaiḥ saṃveṣṭito dehas tiṣṭhaty āyāti yāti ca |
ātmā na gantā nāgantā kim enam anuśocasi
The line
The body, wrapped in the qualities, stands, comes, and goes. The self is not a goer and not a comer. Why do you grieve for this?
नेपालीमा
गुणले बेरिएको देह उभिन्छ, आउँछ र जान्छ। आत्मा जाने होइन, आउने पनि होइन। यसका लागि किन शोक गर्छौ?
Where it sits
Aṣṭāvakra (अष्टावक्र) is still speaking. The body is set in motion, and the self is denied both going and coming.
Split: guṇaiḥ (गुणैः) + saṃveṣṭitaḥ (संवेष्टितः) + dehaḥ (देहः) + tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति) + āyāti (आयाति) + yāti (याति) + ca (च) + ātmā (आत्मा) + na (न) + gantā (गन्ता) + na (न) + agantā (अगन्ता) + kim (किम्) + enam (एनम्) + anuśocasi (अनुशोचसि)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| guṇaiḥ (गुणैः) | instrumental plural, masculine | by the qualities. |
| saṃveṣṭitaḥ (संवेष्टितः) | nominative singular, masculine | wrapped. Agrees with dehaḥ (देहः). Recited saṃveṣṭito (संवेष्टितो) before dehaḥ (देहः). |
| dehaḥ (देहः) | nominative singular, masculine | the body. Recited dehas (देह) before tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति). Subject of the three verbs. |
| tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति) | present third person singular | stands. From sthā (स्था). Recited tiṣṭhaty (तिष्ठत्य्) before āyāti (आयाति). |
| āyāti (आयाति) | present third person singular | comes. From ā (आ) and yā (या). |
| yāti (याति) | present third person singular | goes. From yā (या). |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| ātmā (आत्मा) | nominative singular, masculine | the self. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| gantā (गन्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | a goer. Agrees with ātmā (आत्मा). |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. Recited inside nāgantā (नागन्ता). |
| agantā (अगन्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | one who does not come, not a comer. Agrees with ātmā (आत्मा). |
| kim (किम्) | accusative singular, neuter | why. Joined to enam (एनम्). |
| enam (एनम्) | accusative singular, masculine | this one. The body. Object of anuśocasi (अनुशोचसि). |
| anuśocasi (अनुशोचसि) | present second person singular | you grieve after. From anu (अनु) and śuc (शुच्). |
The phrases
dehaḥ (देहः) guṇaiḥ (गुणैः) saṃveṣṭitaḥ (संवेष्टितः) is the subject of tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति), āyāti (आयाति), and yāti (याति). ātmā (आत्मा) is na (न) gantā (गन्ता) and na (न) agantā (अगन्ता). kim (किम्) asks the ground of anuśocasi (अनुशोचसि), whose object is enam (एनम्).
Sanskrit in this line
saṃveṣṭitaḥ (संवेष्टितः) before dehaḥ (देहः) is saṃveṣṭito (संवेष्टितो), and dehaḥ (देहः) before t (त्) is dehas (देह). tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति) plus āyāti (आयाति) is tiṣṭhaty (तिष्ठत्य्) āyāti (आयाति). na (न) plus agantā (अगन्ता) is nāgantā (नागन्ता). kim (किम्) plus enam (एनम्) joins m (म्) to e (ए).
Say it back
What does the body do, and what does the self not do?