Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १७) / 17.15
17.15
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
सुखे दुःखे नरे नार्यां सम्पत्सु च विपत्सु च ।
विशेषो नैव धीरस्य सर्वत्र समदर्शिनः sukhe duḥkhe nare nāryāṃ sampatsu ca vipatsu ca |
viśeṣo naiva dhīrasya sarvatra samadarśinaḥ
The line
In pleasure and pain, in a man and in a woman, in prosperities and in misfortunes, the steady one who sees the same has indeed no difference anywhere.
नेपालीमा
सुख र दुःखमा, पुरुष र स्त्रीमा, सम्पत्ति र विपत्तिमा सर्वत्र समान देख्ने धीर व्यक्तिलाई कतै भेद हुँदैन।
Where it sits
Astavakra is still speaking. Three pairs of locatives lead to one denial.
Split: sukhe (सुखे) + duḥkhe (दुःखे) + nare (नरे) + nāryām (नार्याम्) + sampatsu (सम्पत्सु) + ca (च) + vipatsu (विपत्सु) + ca (च) + viśeṣaḥ (विशेषः) + na (न) + eva (एव) + dhīrasya (धीरस्य) + sarvatra (सर्वत्र) + samadarśinaḥ (समदर्शिनः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sukhe (सुखे) | locative singular, neuter | in pleasure. |
| duḥkhe (दुःखे) | locative singular, neuter | in pain. |
| nare (नरे) | locative singular, masculine | in a man. |
| nāryām (नार्याम्) | locative singular, feminine | in a woman. |
| sampatsu (सम्पत्सु) | locative plural, feminine | in prosperities. |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| vipatsu (विपत्सु) | locative plural, feminine | in misfortunes. |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| viśeṣaḥ (विशेषः) | nominative singular, masculine | a difference. Recited viśeṣo (विशेषो) before n (न्). |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. With eva (एव) recited naiva (नैव). |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | indeed. |
| dhīrasya (धीरस्य) | genitive singular, masculine | of the steady one. |
| sarvatra (सर्वत्र) | indeclinable | everywhere. |
| samadarśinaḥ (समदर्शिनः) | genitive singular, masculine | of the one who sees the same. Agrees with dhīrasya (धीरस्य). |
The phrases
viśeṣaḥ (विशेषः) is denied by na eva, and it belongs to dhīrasya (धीरस्य) samadarśinaḥ (समदर्शिनः). The locatives list the places where that difference is absent. sarvatra sums them.
Sanskrit in this line
viśeṣaḥ (विशेषः) na eva is viśeṣo (विशेषो) naiva.
Say it back
Whose difference is denied?