Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १८) / 18.33
18.33
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
एकाग्रता निरोधो वा मूढैरभ्यस्यते भृशम् ।
धीराः कृत्यं न पश्यन्ति सुप्तवत् स्वपदे स्थिताः ekāgratā nirodho vā mūḍhair abhyasyate bhṛśam |
dhīrāḥ kṛtyaṃ na paśyanti suptavat svapade sthitāḥ
The line
One pointedness or restraint is practiced hard by the dull. The steady ones see no deed to be done. They stand in their own place like people asleep.
नेपालीमा
एकाग्रता वा निरोध मूर्खहरूले धेरै अभ्यास गर्छन्। धीरहरूले गर्नुपर्ने देख्दैनन्। सुतेझैँ आफ्नै पदमा उभिएका हुन्छन्।
Where it sits
Astavakra is still speaking. Practice is what the dull do in this line. The steady ones are said to see no deed.
Split: ekāgratā (एकाग्रता) + nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) + vā (वा) + mūḍhaiḥ (मूढैः) + abhyasyate (अभ्यस्यते) + bhṛśam (भृशम्) + dhīrāḥ (धीराः) + kṛtyam (कृत्यम्) + na (न) + paśyanti (पश्यन्ति) + suptavat (सुप्तवत्) + svapade (स्वपदे) + sthitāḥ (स्थिताः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ekāgratā (एकाग्रता) | nominative singular, feminine | one pointedness. |
| nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) | nominative singular, masculine | restraint. Recited nirodho (निरोधो) before vā (वा). |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or. |
| mūḍhaiḥ (मूढैः) | instrumental plural, masculine | by the dull. Recited mūḍhair (मूढैर्) before the vowel. |
| abhyasyate (अभ्यस्यते) | present third person singular, passive | is practiced. |
| bhṛśam (भृशम्) | indeclinable | intensely. |
| dhīrāḥ (धीराः) | nominative plural, masculine | the steady ones. |
| kṛtyam (कृत्यम्) | accusative singular, neuter | a thing to be done. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| paśyanti (पश्यन्ति) | present third person plural | they see. |
| suptavat (सुप्तवत्) | indeclinable | like people asleep. |
| svapade (स्वपदे) | locative singular, neuter | in one's own place. |
| sthitāḥ (स्थिताः) | nominative plural, masculine | standing. Agrees with dhīrāḥ (धीराः). |
The phrases
ekāgratā (एकाग्रता) and nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) are the subjects of passive abhyasyate (अभ्यस्यते), agent mūḍhaiḥ (मूढैः), manner bhṛśam (भृशम्). dhīrāḥ (धीराः) and sthitāḥ (स्थिताः) agree. kṛtyam (कृत्यम्) is the object of na paśyanti (न पश्यन्ति). suptavat (सुप्तवत्) and svapade (स्वपदे) place them.
Sanskrit in this line
nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) plus vā (वा) is nirodho vā (वा). mūḍhaiḥ (मूढैः) plus abhyasyate is mūḍhair (मूढैर्) abhyasyate.
Say it back
Who practices one pointedness or restraint?